अर्धचालक उद्योग
अर्धचालक उद्योग (अंग्रेज़ी: Semiconductor Industry, सेमीकण्डक्टर इण्डस्ट्री) अर्धचालकों के डिजाइन और निर्माण में लगी कंपनियों (कम्पनियों) का समुच्चय है। 1960 के आसपास इसका गठन हुआ, जब अर्धचालक उपकरणों का निर्माण एक व्यवहार्य व्यवसाय बन गया तब उद्योग का वार्षिक अर्धचालक बिक्री राजस्व 2018 तक 481 अरब डॉलर से अधिक हो गया है।[1] अर्धचालक उद्योग व्यापक इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स उद्योग [2] के पीछे की प्रेरणा शक्ति है, जिसमें वार्षिक बिजली इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स की बिक्री £ 135 अरब ($ 216 अरब) 2011 की है,[3] वार्षिक उपभोक्ता इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स बिक्री 2020 तक $ 29 खरब तक पहुँचने की आशा है,[4] तकनीकी उद्योग की बिक्री 2019 में $ 50 खरब तक पहुँचने की आशा है[5], और 2017 में ई-कॉमर्स $ 290 खरब से अधिक है।[6]


बड़ी-बड़ी कम्पनियाँ
संपादित करेंरैंक | 2020[7] | 2018[8] | 2017[8] | 2011[9] | 2006[10] | 2000[10] | 1995[10] | 1992[11] | 1990[10] | 1986[12] | 1985[10] | 1975[12] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | इन्टेल | Samsung | Samsung | Intel | Intel | Intel | Intel | NEC | NEC | NEC | NEC | TI |
2 | Samsung | Intel | Intel | Samsung | Samsung | Toshiba | NEC | Toshiba | Toshiba | Toshiba | TI | Motorola |
3 | TSMC | SK Hynix | TSMC | TSMC | TI | NEC | Toshiba | Intel | Hitachi | Hitachi | Motorola | Philips |
4 | SK Hynix | TSMC | SK Hynix | TI | Toshiba | Samsung | Hitachi | Motorola | Intel | ? | Hitachi | ? |
5 | Micron | Micron | Toshiba | ST | TI | Motorola | Hitachi | Motorola | ? | Toshiba | ||
6 | Qualcomm | Broadcom | Broadcom | Renesas | Renesas | Motorola | Samsung | TI | Fujitsu | ? | Fujitsu | |
7 | Broadcom | Qualcomm | Qualcomm | Qualcomm | Hynix | ST | TI | ? | Mitsubishi | ? | Philips | |
8 | Nvidia | Toshiba | TI | ST | Freescale | Hitachi | IBM | Mitsubishi | TI | ? | Intel | |
9 | TI | Toshiba | Hynix | NXP | Infineon | Mitsubishi | ? | Philips | ? | National | ||
10 | Infineon | Nvidia | Nvidia | Micron | NEC | Philips | Hyundai | ? | Matsushita | ? | Matsushita |
टिप्पणि:
- Pure-play foundries – They specialize in foundry services. They may or may not offer design services to third parties, as well as mask (photomask) making, semiconductor packaging and testing services, which can also be outsourced to other companies. An example is TSMC, which offers design, testing and packaging services, TCE phtomasks, which offers only mask making services, and ChipMOS, which offers only packaging and testing services.
- IDMs (integrated device manufacturers) – They may or may not offer foundry services.
- Fabless suppliers – They do not offer foundry services. They may or may not offer design services to third parties.
सन्दर्भ
संपादित करें- ↑ सन्दर्भ त्रुटि:
<ref>
का गलत प्रयोग;deloitte
नाम के संदर्भ में जानकारी नहीं है। - ↑ "Annual Semiconductor Sales Increase 21.6 Percent, Top $400 Billion for First Time". Semiconductor Industry Association. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ↑ "Power Electronics: A Strategy for Success" (PDF). Government of the United Kingdom. Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ↑ "Global Consumer Electronics Market to Reach US$ 2.9 Trillion by 2020 - Persistence Market Research". PR Newswire. Persistence Market Research. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ↑ "IT Industry Outlook 2019". CompTIA. January 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ↑ "Global e-Commerce sales surged to $29 trillion". United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. 29 March 2019. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
- ↑ "ic insights". www.icinsights.com. 2020-11-23. Retrieved 2021-02-24.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ↑ अ आ Manners, David (14 November 2018). "Top Ten (+5) Semiconductor Companies 2018". Electronics Weekly. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Top 25 2011 Semiconductor Sales Ranking". IC Insights. April 5, 2012. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
- ↑ अ आ इ ई उ "Tracking the Top 10 Semiconductor Sales Leaders Over 26 Years". Semiconductor Market Research. IC Insights. December 12, 2011.
- ↑ "WORLDWIDE IC MANUFACTURERS" (PDF). Smithsonian Institution. 1997. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ↑ अ आ "1980s Trends in the Semiconductor Industry". Semiconductor History Museum of Japan. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ↑ "BEYOND BORDERS: THE GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR VALUE CHAIN" (PDF). Semiconductor Industry Association. May 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
सन्दर्भ त्रुटि: "lower-alpha" नामक सन्दर्भ-समूह के लिए <ref>
टैग मौजूद हैं, परन्तु समूह के लिए कोई <references group="lower-alpha"/>
टैग नहीं मिला। यह भी संभव है कि कोई समाप्ति </ref>
टैग गायब है।