ख़ैबर की लड़ाई

ख़ैबर का युद्ध ( सन् 629, मई) इस्लाम के प्रारंभिक इतिहास की एक महत्वपूर्ण घटना थी जिससे शुरुआती मुसलमानों और हिजाज़ के यहूदियों के बीच के निर्णायक युद्ध के रूप में देखा जाता है जिसमें यहूदियों ने हथियार डाल दिये थे। इस लड़ाई में इस्लामी पैग़म्बर मुहम्मद के चाचा जात भाई और चौथे खलीफ़ा अली की बहादुरी भी स्मरणीय थी।

यहूदियों के साथ हुई एक पिछली संधि का यहूदियों द्वारा उल्लंघन करने से इस्लामी पक्ष ख़फ़ा थे। पहले अबू बकर और उमर को इसके ख़िलाफ़ भेजा गया, लेकिन उनकी असफलता के बाद अली के नेतृत्व में सेना भेजी गई जिसमें निर्णायक विजय प्राप्त हुई। ध्यान रहे कि पैग़म्बर के मरने के बाद, पहले भेजे गए सेनानायक - अबू बकर और उमर - पहले और दूसरे ख़लीफ़ा (प्रधान) बने,हजरत अली को चौथा ख़लीफ़ा बनाया गया।

The Battle of Khaybar (Arabic: غَزْوَة خَيْبَر) was an armed confrontation between the early Muslims and the Jewish community of Khaybar in 628 CE. Khaybar, which is located approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) to the northwest of Medina, was home to a sizable community of Jewish tribes.

Battle of Khaybar
Part of the military campaigns of Muhammad
Hazrat Ali slays Marhab (1910)
Date March/April 628 (7 AH) Location Khaybar, Arabia 25°41′55″N 39°17′33″E Result Muslim victory Territorial changes Muhammad's followers capture the oasis of Khaybar
Belligerents
First Islamic State	Khaybar Jews Supported by: Banu Nadir (Jews) Banu Ghatafan (Arabians) Banu Fazara (Arabians)
Commanders and leaders
Muhammad Ali ibn Abi Talib Umar ibn al-Khattab Abu Bakr Zubayr ibn al-Awwam	Marhab ibn al-Harith †
Strength
1,400 – 1,600[citation needed]	10,000 (Jews) 4,000 (Ghatafan)
Casualties and losses
~20 killed 50 wounded	93 killed[citation needed]
Khaybar Location within present-day Saudi Arabia

As Muhammad's army began to march on Khaybar, the Banu Ghatafan and other Jewish-allied Arabian tribes did not, or could not, send the reinforcements that had been expected to arrive to defend the settlement, further endangering the Jewish army's poor fortifications. After a brief period of fighting, Khaybar fell to the Muslims and the Jewish commander Marhab ibn al-Harith was killed, reportedly by Ali ibn Abi Talib.

The terms of surrender presented to the oasis after the Muslim conquest stipulated the seizure of the Jews' wealth and also called for every non-muslim to pay tribute (jizya) to the Muslims in exchange for universal conflict neutrality with protection or emigrate from Khaybar, bolstering the Muslim army in a significant development for Muhammad's military career. In exchange for their acceptance of the terms, the Muslims agreed to cease their campaign against Banu Qurayza and other local tribes. Despite forces consisting of 10–20,000 Jews vs 1,400 Muslims, deaths were remarkably low at 93 Jews and 18 Muslims, with 50 injured between parties.