वसा अम्ल
(फैटी अम्ल से अनुप्रेषित)
वसा अम्ल (फैटी एसिड) कार्बन परमाणुओं की लम्बी श्रृंखला द्वारा गठित कार्बनिक अम्ल हैं, जिनके एक सिरे पर कार्बोक्सिलिक मूलक (-COOH) होता है। यह संतृप्त तथा असंतृप्त दोनों ही प्रकार का होता है। जिस वसा अम्ल के सभी बंध एकल होते हैं उसे संतृप्त तथा जिसमें एकल के अतिरिक्त द्विबंध या त्रिबंध होते हैं उसे असंतृप्त की श्रेणी में रखते हैं।
| Common name | Chemical structure | C:D[1] |
|---|---|---|
| Caprylic acid | CH3(CH2)6COOH | 8:0 |
| Capric acid | CH3(CH2)8COOH | 10:0 |
| Lauric acid | CH3(CH2)10COOH | 12:0 |
| Myristic acid | CH3(CH2)12COOH | 14:0 |
| Palmitic acid | CH3(CH2)14COOH | 16:0 |
| Stearic acid | CH3(CH2)16COOH | 18:0 |
| Arachidic acid | CH3(CH2)18COOH | 20:0 |
| Behenic acid | CH3(CH2)20COOH | 22:0 |
| Lignoceric acid | CH3(CH2)22COOH | 24:0 |
| Cerotic acid | CH3(CH2)24COOH | 26:0 |
| Common name | Chemical structure | Δx[2] | C:D[1] | n−x[3] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Myristoleic acid | CH3(CH2)3CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | cis-Δ9 | 14:1 | n−5 |
| Palmitoleic acid | CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | cis-Δ9 | 16:1 | n−7 |
| Sapienic acid | CH3(CH2)8CH=CH(CH2)4COOH | cis-Δ6 | 16:1 | n−10 |
| Oleic acid | CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | cis-Δ9 | 18:1 | n−9 |
| Elaidic acid | CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | trans-Δ9 | 18:1 | n−9 |
| Vaccenic acid | CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)9COOH | trans-Δ11 | 18:1 | n−7 |
| Linoleic acid | CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | cis,cis-Δ9,Δ12 | 18:2 | n−6 |
| Linoelaidic acid | CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | trans,trans-Δ9,Δ12 | 18:2 | n−6 |
| α-Linolenic acid | CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH | cis,cis,cis-Δ9,Δ12,Δ15 | 18:3 | n−3 |
| Arachidonic acid | CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOHNIST | cis,cis,cis,cis-Δ5Δ8,Δ11,Δ14 | 20:4 | n−6 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid | CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH | cis,cis,cis,cis,cis-Δ5,Δ8,Δ11,Δ14,Δ17 | 20:5 | n−3 |
| Erucic acid | CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH | cis-Δ13 | 22:1 | n−9 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid | CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)2COOH | cis,cis,cis,cis,cis,cis-Δ4,Δ7,Δ10,Δ13,Δ16,Δ19 | 22:6 | n−3 |
सन्दर्भ
संपादित करें- ↑ अ आ “C” stands for Carbohydrate; “D” stands for Double bond; “C:D“ is the ratio of the total amount of Carbon atoms of the fatty acid in relation to the number of double (unsaturated) bonds in it; if D > 1 it is assumed that the double bonds are separated by one or more methylene bridge(s).
- ↑ Each double bond in the fatty acid is indicated by Δx, where the double bond is located on the xth carbon–carbon bond, counting from the carboxylic acid end.
- ↑ In n minus x (also ω−x or omega-x) nomenclature a double bond of the fatty acid is located on the xth carbon–carbon bond, counting from the terminal methyl carbon (designated as n or ω) toward the carbonyl carbon.