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'''हबीब तनवीर''' (जन्म: 1 सितंबर, 1923) देश[[भारत]] के सबसे मशहूर पटकथा लेखकों, नाट्य निर्देशकों, कवियों और अभिनेताओं में से एक थे. हबीब तनवीर का जन्म छत्तीसगढ़ के रायपुर में हुआ था ,जबकि निधन 8 जून,2009 को मध्यप्रदेश की राजधानी भोपाल में हुआ. उनकी प्रमुख कृतियों में आगरा बाजार(1954)चरणदास चोर(1975)शामिल है. उन्होंने 1959 में दिल्ली में नया थियेटर कंपनी स्थापित किया था.
हबीब तनवीर को संगीत नाटक एकेडमी अवार्ड (1969),पद्मश्री अवार्ड(1983)संगीत नाटक एकादमी फेलोशीप(1996), पद्म विभूषण(2002) जैसे सम्मान मिले. वे 1972 से 1978 तक संसद के उच्च सदन यानि राज्यसभा में भी रहे.उनका नाटक चरणदास चोर एडिनवर्ग इंटरनेशनल ड्रामा फेस्टीवल(1982) में पुरस्कृत होने वाला ये पहला भारतीय नाटक गया. ▼
Contents [hide]
1 आरंभिक जीवन
1 करियर
1 यूरोप प्रवास
1 भारत आगमन
2 नाटक
3 फिल्मों में योगदान
[edit] जीवनवृत
हबीब तनवीर का जन्म 1 सितम्बर,1932 को रायपुर में हुआ था. जो अब छत्तीसगढ़ की राजधानी है.उनके बचपन का नाम हबीब अहमद खान था. उन्होंने लॉरी म्युनिसिपल हाईस्कूल से मैट्रीक पास की.म़ॉरीस कॉलेज ,नागपुर से स्नातक किया(1944)और अलीगढ़ मुस्लिम विश्वविद्यालय से एमए की. बचपन से हीं कविता लिखने का शौक चढ़ा. पहले तनवीर के छद्मनाम नाम से लिखना शुरू किया जो बाद में उनका पुकार नाम बन गया.
[edit]== करियर- ==
सन् 1945 में वे मुम्बई चले गये और प्रोड्यूसर के तौर पर आकाशवाणी में नौकरी शुरू की.वहां रहते हुए उन्होंने हिन्दी फिल्मों के लिए गाने लिखा.कुछ फिल्मों में अभिनय भी किया. प्रगतिशील लेखक संघ से जुड़ गये और कलांतर में इंडियन पीपुल्स थियेटर एसोसिएशन के अंग बन गये.जब ब्रिटीश शासन के खिलाफ इप्टा से जुड़े कई लोग जेल चले गये तब हबीब तनवीर को संगठन की जिम्मेदारी संभालनी पड़ी. 1954 वे दिल्ली आ गये और हिन्दुस्तानी थियेटर से जुड़ गये. उन्होंने बाल थियेटर के लिए भी काम किया. कई नाटकों की रचना की.यहीं रहते हुए उनकी मुलाकात अभिनेता-निर्देशक मोनिका मिश्रा से हुई जिनसे उन्होंने आगे चलकर शादी कर ली.उसी साल उन्होंने अपना चर्चित नाटक आगरा बाजार लिखा.
▲== पुरस्कार और सम्मानःसम्मान ==
In 1954, he moved to New Delhi, and worked with Qudsia Zaidi’s Hindustani Theatre, and also worked with Children's theatre, and authored numerous plays. It was during this period he met actor-director, Moneeka Mishra, whom he was to later marry. Later in the same year, he produced his first significant play 'Agra Bazar', based on the works and times of the plebian 18th-century Urdu poet, Nazir Akbarabadi, an older poet in the generation of Mirza Ghalib. In this play he used local residents and folk artist from Okhla village in Delhi and students of Jamia Millia Islamia creating a palette never seen before in Indian theatre, a play not staged in a confined space, rather a bazaar, a marketplace. This experience with non-trained actors, and folk artists later blossomed with his work with folk artists of Chhattisgarh.
▲हबीब तनवीर को संगीत नाटक एकेडमी अवार्ड (1969),पद्मश्री अवार्ड(1983)संगीत नाटक एकादमी फेलोशीप(1996), पद्म विभूषण(2002) जैसे सम्मान मिले. वे 1972 से 1978 तक संसद के उच्च सदन यानि राज्यसभा में भी रहे.उनका नाटक चरणदास चोर एडिनवर्ग इंटरनेशनल ड्रामा फेस्टीवल(1982) में पुरस्कृत होने वाला ये पहला भारतीय नाटक गया.
[edit] Stay in Europe
In 1955, now in his 30's, Habib moved to England, he trained in Acting at Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts (RADA) (1955) and in Direction at Bristol Old Vic Theatre School (1956). For the next two years, he travelled through Europe, watching various theatre activities. One of the highlights of this period, was his eight-month stay in Berlin in 1956, during which he got to see several plays of Bertolt Brecht, produced by Berliner Ensemble, just a few months after Brecht's death [2]. This proved to a lasting influence on him, as in the coming years, he was also used local idioms in his plays, to express trans-cultural tales and ideologies. This over the year gave rise to a 'theatre of roots', which was marked by an utter simplicity in style, presentation and technique, yet remaining eloquent and powerfully experiential.
[edit] Return to India
A deeply inspired Habib returned in 1958 and took directing full-time. He produced, 'Mitti ki Gaadi' post-London play, based on Shudraka's Sanskrit work, Mrichakatika, it became his first important production in Chhattisgarhi. This was the result of the work he has been doing since his return, with six folk actors from Chhattisgarh. There was no, turned back from there. This led to the foundation of 'Naya Theatre' a theatre company he founded in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh in 1959, along with his wife, Moneeka Mishra, also a theatre person.
In his exploratory phase, 1970-73, he broke free from one more theatre restriction, he no longer made the folk artists with whom he had been performing all his plays speak Hindi, and instead switched to Chhattisgarhi, a local language, they were more accustomed to. Later, he even started experimenting with 'Pandavani', a folk singing style from the region and temple rituals, making his plays stand out amidst the backdrop of plays which were still using traditional theatre techniques like blocking movements or fixing lights on paper. Soon spontaneity and improvisation became the hallmark of the new style, where the folk artists were allowed greater freedom of expression.
A further evolution was seen in 1972 with his next venture with Chhattisgarhi Nach style, a play titled 'Gaon Ka Naam Sasural, Mor Naam Damaad', based on a comic folk tale, where an old man falls in young woman, who eventually elopes with a young man.[3].
The technique to has finally evolved to an accomplished form, by the time he produced his seminal play, 'Charandas Chor' in 1975, which immediately created a whole new idiom in modern India theatre; whose highlight was Nach - a chorus that provided commentary through song. Later, he collaborated with Shyam Benegal, when he adapted the play to a feature length film, by the same name, starring Smita Patil and Lalu Ram.
During his career, Habib has acted in over nine feature films, including Richard Attenborough's film, Gandhi (1982) and presently in the upcoming movie, Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
His first brush with controversy came in 90s, with his play on religious hypocrisy, 'Ponga Pandit'. Though the play was being performed since the sixties, in the charged social climate after the Babri Masjid demolition, the play caused quiet an uproar amongst Hindu fundamentalists, especially the Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh (RSS), whose supporters disrupted many of its shows, and even emptied the auditoriums, yet he continued to show it all over [4].
His Chhatisgarhi folk troupe, surprised again, with his rendition of Asghar Wajahat’s 'Jisne Lahore Nahin Dekhya' in 1992. Then in 1993 came, 'Kamdeo Ka Apna Basant Ritu Ka Sapna', Tanvir's Hindi adaptation of Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream" [5]. In 2002, he directed, 'Zahareeli Hawa', a translation of a play by the Canadian-Indian playwright Rahul Varma, based on the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
In 2005, a documentary: Gaon ke naon theatre, mor naon Habib (`My village is theatre, my name is Habib') was made on his life and the Naya Theatre group, by Sanjay Maharishi and Sudhanva Deshpande [6], and also in the same year, his wife Moneeka Misra passed away on May 28.
In 2006, he wrote and directed ‘Raj Rakt’, based on two of Rabindranath Tagore’s works, novel Rajarshi, and play Visarjan [7].
[edit] Plays
Agra Bazar (1954)
Shatranj Ke Mohrey (1954)
Lala Shoharat Rai (1954)
Mitti ki Gaadi (1958)
Gaon ke naon Sasural, mor naon Damand (1973)
Charandas Chor (1975)
Uttar Ram Charitra (1977)
Bahadur kalarin(1978)
Ponga Pandit
Jis Lahore Nai Dekhya (1990)
Kamdeo ka Apna Basant Ritu ka Sapna (1993)
Zahreeli Hawa (2002)
Raj Rakt (2006)
[edit] Filmography (Partial)
Black & White (2008)
Charandas Chor (1975) (lyrics and script)
* [[ह्बीब तनवीर]]
{{भारतीय रंगकर्मी}}
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