== इतिहास ==
<!-- 1973 के तेल संकट और आर्थिक मंदी के बाद विश्व के बडे औद्यिगिक-लोकतांत्रिक देशों को एक मंच पर लाने का प्रस्ताव सामने आया।1974आया। 1974 में संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका ने एक 'पुस्तकालय समूह' की स्थापना की, जो कि वास्तव में संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका, यूनाईटेड किंग्डम्, पश्चिमी जर्मनी, जापान और फ्रांस का एक अनौपचारिक समूह था|The concept of a forum for the world's major industrialized [[democracy|democracies]] emerged following the [[1973 oil crisis]] and subsequent global [[recession]]. In 1974 the United States created the Library Group, an informal gathering of senior financial officials from the [[United States]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[West Germany]], [[Japan]] and [[France]]. In [[1975]], French President [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]] invited the [[heads of government]] from West Germany, [[Italy]], Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States to a summit in [[mbouillet]]. The six leaders agreed to an annual meeting organized under a rotating presidency, forming the Group of Six (G6). The following year, [[Canada]] joined the group at the behest of [[Germany]]'s Chancellor [[Helmut Schmidt|Chancellor Helmut Schmidt]] and [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[Gerald Ford]]<ref>[http://www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params=A1ARTFET_E10 ''G8: The Most Exclusive Club in the World'', Thomas S. Axworthy, ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', Historica Foundation of Canada, Toronto, Undated].Accessed07-12-2008.</ref> and the group became the 'Group of Seven' -or G7. The [[European Union]] is represented by the [[President of the European Commission]] and the leader of the country that holds the [[Presidency of the Council of the European Union]]. The [[President of the European Commission]] has attended all meetings since it was first invited by the United Kingdom in [[1977]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.Harry.g8.php| title = EU and the G8| accessdate = 2006-07-17| publisher = European Union}}</ref> and the [[President of the European Council|Council President]] now also regularly attends.
The [[Cold War]] with the [[Soviet Union]] ended and the country's dissolution in 1991, [[Russia]] became the successor state. From the [[20th G7 summit|1994's G7 summit in Naples]], Russian officials held separate meetings with leaders of the G7 after the group's summits. This informal arrangement was dubbed the Political 8 (P8) - or, colloquially, the 'G7+1'. At the invitation of [[United Kingdom]] [[Tony Blair|premier Tony Blair]] and [[United States|US]] President [[Bill Clinton]]<ref>[http://www.theglobalist.com/storyid.aspx?StoryId=5151 ''Russia — Odd Man Out in the G-8'', Mark Medish, ''The Globalist'', 02-24-2006].Accessed: 07-12-2008]</ref>, Russia formally joined the group in 1997, resulting in the 'Group of Eight' - the G8. -->
The ministerial meetings bring together ministers responsible for various portfolios to discuss issues of mutual or global concern. The range of topics include health, law enforcement, labour, economic and social development, energy, environment, foreign affairs, justice and interior, terrorism and trade. There are also a separate set of meetings known as the "[[G8+5]]", created during the [[2005]] [[Gleneagles]], [[Scotland]] summit, that is attended by finance and energy ministers from all eight member countries in addition to the five "Outreach Countries": [[Brazil]], [[People's Republic of China|China]], [[India]], [[Mexico]] and [[South Africa]].
In June 2005, justice ministers and interior ministers from the G8 countries agreed to launch an international database on [[pedophile]]s.<ref name=pedophile>[http://society.guardian.co.uk/children/story/0,, 1509107,00.html G8 to launch international pedophile database] David Batty June 18, 2005 [[The Guardian]] </ref> The G8 officials also agreed to pool data on [[terrorism]], subject to restrictions by privacy and security laws in individual countries.<ref name=terrorismdata>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,, 1509218,00.html G8 to pool data on terrorism] Martin Wainwright June 18, 2005 [[The Guardian]]</ref> -->
=== विश्वव्यापी तापीकरण और ऊर्जा ===
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