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{{अनुवाद}}
{{Refimprove|date=February 2007}}{{POV|date=December 2007}}
{{Infobox Indian Jurisdiction |
native_name=Bathinda |
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बठिंडा बहुत तेजी से इन्डस्ट्रीस से भर रहा है । हाल ही में बने पलाँटों में थर्मल पावर पलाँट, फर्टलाईजर फैकटरी और एक बडी औयल (तेल) रिफाईनरी हैं ।बठिंडा नौर्थ भारत की सबसे बडी अनाज के बजारों में से है और बठिंडा के आस पास के इलाके अंगूर की खेती में बढ रहे हैं । बठींडा एक बहुत बडा रेल जंकशन भी है। पैपसी यहां उपजाऊ आनाज को परोसैस करती है ।
 
==इतिहास==
==History==
===Prehistoric Bathinda===
{| class="wikitable"
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|}
 
===आधुनिक बठिंडा का जन्म===
===Birth of modern Bathinda===
ये माना जाता है की राओ भट्टी में बठिंडा शहर को लखी जंगल में तीसरी सदी में स्थापित किया था । फिर इस शहर को बरारों नें हडप लिया था । बाल राओ भट्टी नें फिर इसे ९६५ में हासिल किया और तब इसका नाम बठिंडा पडा (उन्हीं के नाम पर) । यह राजा जयपाल की राजधानी भी रही है ।
 
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==मुख्य आकर्ण==
===किला मुबारक===
यह ईट का बना सबसे पुराना और ऊंचा स्मारक है। इसका इतिहास थोड़ा अद्भुत है। राजा बीनपाल जो कि भाटी राजपूत थे, इस किले का निर्माण लगभग 1800 साल पहले करवाया था। इसी किले में पहली महिला शासिका रजिया सुलतान को 1239 ईसवीं में कैद कर लिया गया था। रजिया सुलतान को उसके गर्वनर अल्तूनिया ने कैद किया था। दसवें सिख गुरू, गुरू गोविन्द सिंह इस किले मे 1705 के जून माह में आए थे और इस जगह की सलामती और खुशहाली के लिए प्रार्थना की थी।
 
[[पटियाला]] राज्य के महाराजा आला सिंह ने इस किले को 1754 में अपनी अधीन कर लिया था। और इस किले का नाम गोविन्दघर कर दिया गया। लेकिन जल्द ही इस जगह को बकरामघर के नाम से बुलाने जाने लगा। इस किले के सबसे ऊपर गुरूद्वारे का निर्माण करवाया गया है। इस गुरूद्वारे का निर्माण पटियाला के महाराजा करम सिंह ने करवाया था।
===The story of Bhai Roop Chand ji===
{{Inappropriate tone|date=December 2007}}
 
===बाहिया किला===
On the day of her marriage to Raja Sada’s son Sidhu on 16th ''Jyesth'' 1670, Bibi Surti of ''Vada Ghar'' (near ''Daroli'') had the chance to meet [[Guru Hargobind]]. Her father, Bhai Aqal, was a disciple of Guru Ramdas ji and [[Guru Arjan Dev|Guru Arjan Dev ji]]. The Guru gave her his blessings and professed that she would give birth to a boy who would be honoured by the public and the kings as a [[Sikh]].
बाहिया किले का निर्माण 1930 में मुख्य किले के सामने किया गया था। इस किले का निर्माण एस. बलवन्त सिंह सिद्धू ने करवाया था। इसके अलावा यहां पटियाला राज्य के महाराजा भूपेन्द्र सिंह की सेना का स्थानीय कार्यालय था। लेकिन अब यह चार सितारा होटल में बदल चुका है।
 
===लाखी जंगल===
As professed, a boy was born on 3-Baisakh and was named “Roop chand” by [[Guru Arjan Dev]] himself. Father Sidhu and son Roop Chand were superintending the harvesting of the crop. It was a very hot day. They had a goat skin bottle hanging from a branch in the shade of the neighbouring tree. Moved by devotion, they dedicated the water as offering to the Guru and refrained from drinking it. Though they were exhausted by the heat, neither gave in to their thirst. Legend has it that the omnipresent [[Guru Har Gobind]] was aware of the distress which both suffered on account of their deep devotion to him. Thus the Guru travelled 32 miles on horseback despite the hot day to meet both men and drink his fill of water while sharing with his devoted disciples.
यह भटिंडा से 15 किलोमीटर की दूरी पर स्थित है। इस जंगल में पुराना गुरूद्वारा है। इस गुरूद्वारे में गुरू नानक देव जी ने श्री जापूजी साहिब के एक लाख पवित्र मार्गो का वर्णन किया था। इसके बाद से ही इस जगह को लाखी जंगल के नाम से जाना जाता है। सिखों के दसवें गुरू, गुरू गोविन्द सिंह भी इस पर घूमने के लिए आए थे।
 
===रोज गार्डन===
The sixth Guru laid the foundation of Village Bhai Roopa on the 16th Baisakh, 1687 ''Bikrmi'' (AD 1630) naming it after Bhai Roop Chand. In August 1631, [[Guru Har Gobind|Guru Har Gobind Sahib ji]] with 3000 warriors again visited Bhai Roopa and stayed there for three months. The Guru, in recognition of devotion, honoured Roop Chand with the title of “Bhai” (own brother) and put him in charge of the spiritual welfare of the new [[Malwa (Punjab)|Malwa]] and the country south of [[Sutlej]]. With his own hands, the Guru put Bhai Roop Chand on the ''masand'' and put on his forehead the ''tilak'', saffron mark of leadership of the area, and gave ''karchha'' (a long spoon) asking him to run ''[[langar]]'' to feed the poor and the needy. This ''karchha'' is still kept with veneration.
इस बगीचे में गुलाबों की कई किस्में हैं। यह जगह शहर से काफी नजदीक है। काफी संख्या में लोग यहां पर आते हैं। यह बगीचा दस एकड़ तक फैला हुआ है। यह जगह थर्मल प्लांट के काफी करीब है। यहां गुलाबों की कई किस्में देखी जा सकती है। यह जगह पिकनिक स्पॉट के रूप में भी जाना जाता है।
 
===जू===
Ala Singh, son of Rama, another Sikh, attacked Bathinda when it was in possession of Sardar Jodh Singh Saboke and conquered a large area around the city.
जू वन विभाग द्वारा चलाई जाने वाली पौधों की नर्सरी है। यह जगह केंटोंमेंट से तकरीबन दस किलोमीटर की दूरी पर स्थित है। यह जगह पिकनिक स्पॉट के रूप में भी जानी जाती है। यहां एक छोटा सा चिड़ियाघर है।
 
===गुरूद्वारा दमदमा साहिब===
Ala Singh, who died in August 1765 at [[Patiala]], was succeeded by [[Amar Singh]], his grandson. In 1770, Amar Singh sent a large force to capture the fort of Bathinda from Sukhchen Singh Sabo. The fort was reacquired in 1771. Raja Amar Singh died in 1781 at the age of 35.
यह एक ऐतिहासिक जगह है। इस जगह का संबंध सिखों के इतिहास से जुड़ा हुआ है। तालवंडी तहसील, दमदमा साहिब के नाम से भी प्रसिद्ध है। भटिंडा के दक्षिण दिशा से इस स्थान की दूरी 18 किलोमीटर है। यह प्रसिद्ध गुरूद्वारा पांच तख्तों में से एक है। हर साल बैसाखी के अवसर पर यहां बहुत बड़े मेले का आयोजन किया जाता है। गुरू गोविन्द साहिब यहां पर नौ महीने और नौ दिनों तक रहे थे।
 
===मेसर खाना===
After the death of Amar Singh, Raja Sahib Singh, who was six, was made the Chief of [[Patiala]]; however, the affairs of the state were managed by Diwan Nanun Mal. Raja Sahib Singh died on [[March 26]] [[1813]] and was succeeded by his son Karam Singh.
मेसर खाना मंदिर भटिंडा से 29 किलोमीटर की दूरी पर स्थित है। हर साल, यहां पर दो मेले लगते हैं। इस मेले में ज्वाला जी के दर्शन के लिए हर साल लाखों की संख्या में भक्तगण यहां आते हैं।
 
== सन्दर्भ==
During the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]] of 1845–46, Maharaja Karam Singh of [[Patiala]] fought on the side of the [[United Kingdom|British]]. He died during the war, but his son and successor Maharaja Narinder Singh also helped the British government. Narinder Singh was succeeded by Rajinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh, and finally, in 1938, Yadavindera Singh.
 
With the formation of the [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]] (PEPSU) on [[May 5]], [[1948]], Bathinda District came into existence on [[August 20]] [[1948]]. Its headquarters was originally at [[Faridkot]], but relocated to Bathinda in 1953.
 
After 1953, many changes were made to Bathinda District's geographical boundaries. [[Muktsar]] and [[Mansa, Punjab|Mansa]] districts were separated from Bathinda.
 
=== Qila Mubarak ===
{{main|Qila Mubarak}}
The 1900 year old fort in Bathinda is a Historical National Monument. A brief history:
 
[[Image:Bathinda fort.jpg|thumb|Qila Mubarak: The fort at Bathinda|230px|right|View from inside [[Qila Mubarak]], June 2003; ''(photo: G. S. Bhalla)'']]
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ History of Qila Mubarak<!-- if required -->
! Year
! Event
|-
| 90-110 AD
| Emperor [[Kanishka]] and Raja Dab built it.
|-
| 179 AD
| Bathinda town was established by [[Rao Bhatti|Bhatti Rao]].
|-
| 1004 AD
| Sultan [[Mahmud of Ghazni]] captured it.
|-
| 1045 AD
| Pir Haji Rattan settled here for meditation.
|-
| 1189 AD
| Sultan [[Mohammed Ghori]] captured it.
|-
| 1191 AD
| Raja [[Prithvi Raj Chauhan]] recaptured it.
|-
| 1240 AD
| [[Razia Sultan]] prisoned here.
|-
| 1515 AD
| [[Guru Nanak Dev]] visited this place.
|-
| 1665 AD
| [[Guru Teg Bahadur]] visited this place.
|-
| 1705 AD
| [[Guru Gobind Singh]] visited this place.
|-
| 1754 AD
| Maharaja Ala Singh captured it.
|-
| 1835 AD
| Maharaja Karam Singh built a [[Gurdwara]] here.
|-
| 2005 AD
| Begin fort repairs sponsored by Akal Society of America.<ref>NRI offers help to save Qila Mubarak. http://www.punjabheritage.org/architectural-heritage/nri-offers-help-to-save-national-monument.html</ref>
|}
 
==Geography and climate==
Bathinda is also famous for having one of the biggest military chhaunis (cantonments) in Asia. [[Rampura Phul]], [[Goniana]], [[Mansa, Punjab|Mansa]], [[Talwandi Sabo]], [[Bhucho Mandi]], [[Nathana]], [[Tungwali]] [[and]] [[Gubalgard]] are all small towns near Bathinda. Bathinda is about 1-2 hours distance from [[Sangrur]], [[Dhuri]], [[Kotkapura]], [[Faridkot]]. [[Ludhiana]] and [[Patiala]] are about 3 hours from Bathinda. [[Chandigarh]] is about 4 hours from Bathinda.
 
There are direct trains that run from [[Delhi]] to Bathinda via [[Patiala]], [[Ambala]],[[Hisar]] and [[Rohtak]], [[Jind]] route. The journey takes approximately six hours.
 
Areas worth visiting are The Mall, Dhobi Bazar,Mega Mart(under construction),Rose Garden, [[Model Town]], [[Fort at Bathinda]], known as '[[Qila Mubarak]]', Gurudwara Shri Hazi Rattan, the three [[lakes]] near the [[thermal power station|thermal plant]], and others.
 
Summer temperatures can be as high as 50°C (122°F), and winter temperatures as low as 0°C (32°F). The weather is generally dry, but is very humid from mid-May to the end of August. Rainfall is primarily from the south-west due to [[monsoon]] weather, and is concentrated in the period July to mid-September.
 
==Economy==
Bathinda is the largest [[railway junction]]s of India, and more lines extend from it than any junction on the [[Indian Railway]] network. [[Sharjah]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], located in Bathinda, is the largest military [[Cantonment]]s of [[Asia]]; its name refers to local [[sand dunes]]. Bathinda itself is located on the [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|Indo-Gangetic alluvial plains]]. Bathinda also houses two Thermal Plants: Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant in Bathinda City and Guru Hargobind Thermal Plant in Lehra Mohabbat. Bathinda is home to the [[Guru Gobind Singh]] [[oil refinery|Oil Refinery]], which is currently under construction, and a National Fertilizers Plant. Major developments are planned & announced starting from 2007 till 2010.As part of a massive development programme to make Bathinda a model city of Punjab, the government will set up a [[special economic zone]] (SEZ) for [[textile]], flying school, [[cricket]] stadium and academy, domestic [[airport]] and an air-conditioned bus stand within three years. The cricket stadium and academy would be set up by the [[BCCI]] on 25 [[acres]]<ref>http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070707/punjab1.htm</ref>. Technocity, First [[animation]] and [[Multimedia Studio Theatre|multimedia studio]] of Punjab, providing [[2D|2d]] and [[3D|3d]] animation services in India and Abroad, is also situated in Bathinda<ref>http://www.technocityindia.com/</ref>.
 
Bathinda has a thermal power plant named as Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant(GNDTP) after the first [[Sikh]] guru. It is located near the rose garden within in the interiors of Bathinda.
There is another 230[[Watt|MW]] power plant located 18 [[Kilometre|km]] away in Lehra Mohabbat. Bathinda is also one of the biggest railways junction in [[Asia]].
 
Real estate in Bathinda is more expensive just like it is in the rest of Punjab and [[India]] in general. International players like Zoom Developers are very keen on developing properties in Bhatinda. The group has recently acquired 12.5 Acres of primely located land in Bhatinda and will be developing 600 state of art residential units along with a [[Shopping mall|Shopping Mall]] cum [[Multiplex]]. The group is also keen on developing a [[5 star rank|5 Star]] hotel in the city. All major [[National bank|national]] and [[Regional Bank & Thrift|regional banks]] operate in Bathinda. These include:<ref>http://www.pcdapension.nic.in/oldsite/pda/punjab.htm</ref>
*[[State Bank of Patiala]]
*[[State Bank of India]]
*[[ICICI Bank]]
*[[HDFC Bank]]
*[[Bank of India]]
*[[Punjab National Bank]]
*[[Indian Overseas Bank]]
*[[Central Bank of India]]
*[[Oriental Bank of Commerce]]
*[[UCO Bank]]
*Punjab & Sindh Bank
*Agriculture Development Branch of S.B.I.
*Regional Business Office of S.B.I. at Bhagu Road, etc.
 
==Government==
Bathinda has a '[[Municipal Corporation]]'<ref>http://www.mcbathinda.org/</ref> setup of administration. City was upgraded from “A” Class [[Municipal council]] to Municipal Corporation on 10th April [[2003]]. It is a [[Lok Sabha]] constituency of India and [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency of Punjab State.
 
==Demographics==
As of the [[2001]], India [[census]]<ref>{{GR|India}}</ref>, Bathinda had a population of 217,389. Males constitute 54% of the population and females, 46%. Bathinda has an average [[literacy rate]] of 70% (57% male and 43% female), higher than the national average of 59.5%; 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.
 
==Education==
Government Rajindra College is located in the heart of the city. The college offers [[graduate]] courses in [[science]], [[commerce]], and [[humanities]].City also have Punjab Technical University, [[Giani Zail Singh College Of Engineering & Technology]] Bathinda, and [[Bathinda Engineering College]]. shri guru harkrishan public school,Saint Joseph's Convent School, Saint Xavier's Senior Secondary School and MSD Senior Secondary Public School are located in Bathinda.It also have private [[medical college]] called the Adesh Institute of Medical Research; and Baba Shiri Chand Ji Government College in Sardargarh (Bathinda),[[Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Punjab)|Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] Khalsa Technology College, D.A.V. collage.<ref>http://www.universitypunjabi.org/pages/affiliatedcolle.html#4</ref> and others.
 
== References ==
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<references/>
</div>
 
== बाहरी कड़ियां==
== External links ==
* Google satellite map of Bathinda [http://www.maplandia.com/india/punjab/bathinda/bhatinda]
* Official website of Bathinda district [http://www.bathinda.nic.in/]
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[[Category:Railway stations in Punjab (India)]]
[[Category:Citiesपंजाब andके towns in Punjab (India)शहर]]
[[Category:Bathindaबठिंडा]]
 
[[bn:বাথিন্দা]]
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