"बांग्लादेश मुक्ति युद्ध": अवतरणों में अंतर
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छो HotCat द्वारा श्रेणी:युद्ध हटाई; श्रेणी:भारत के युद्ध जोड़ी |
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पंक्ति 1:
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = बांग्लादेश मुक्ति युद्ध<br>''মুক্তিযুদ্ধ (Muktijuddho)''
| partof = [[शीतयुद्ध]]
| image = [[File:BangladeshLiberationWarMontage.jpg|355px]]
| image_size = 355px
| caption = (दाहिने, सबसे नीचे) भारतीय जनरल जगजीत सिंह के सामने पाकिस्तान के जनरल नियाजी आत्मसपर्पण करते हुए<ref>http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5312/Instrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca "The Pakistan Eastern Command agree to surrender all Pakistan Armed Forces in Bangladesh to Lieutenant General Jagjit Singh Aurora, General Officer Commanding-in –chief of the Indian and Bangladesh forces in the eastern theatre."</ref>
| place = [[East Pakistan]]<br>([[History of Bangladesh after independence|In modern times]], [[Bangladesh]])<br>[[India-East Pakistan border]], the [[Bay of Bengal]], the [[Pasha enclave]], parts of [[East India]].
| coordinates =
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| date = 26 March 1971 – 16 December 1971
| territory = [[Independence of Bangladesh|Independence]] of [[East Pakistan]] from [[Pakistan]] as the sovereign [[Peoples' Republic of Bangladesh]]
| result = * Decisive [[Indo-Bangla relations|Indo-Bangladeshi]] victory
* Collapse of the [[Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan|Eastern Command of Pakistan]] in [[East Pakistan|Eastern Front]]
* Establishment of the sovereignty of Bangladesh
| status =
| combatants_header = Belligerents
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Bangladesh|1971}} [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} [[Mukti Bahini]]
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{{IND}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Ministry of Defence of India.svg}} [[भारतीय सशस्त्र सेनाएँ]]<br>{{small|(3–16 December 1971)}}
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| combatant2 = {{PAK}}
*{{flagicon image|Flag of Pakistan-moon and star.png}} {{small|[[पूर्वी पाकिस्तान]]}}
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* [[Pakistan Armed Forces]]
**[[Paramilitary forces of Pakistan|Paramilitary forces]]:
* {{small|[[Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami|Jamaat-e-Islami]]}}
* {{small|[[East Pakistan Central Peace Committee|Nagorik Shanti Committee]]}}
* {{small|[[Razakars (Pakistan)|Razakars]]}}
* {{small|[[Al-Badr (East Pakistan)|Al-Badr]]}}
* {{small|[[Al-Shams (East Pakistan)|Al-Shams]]}}
| combatant3 =
| commander1 = {{flagicon|Bangladesh|1971}} [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]<br />{{small|([[President of Bangladesh|President]] of [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh]])}}<br />
{{flagicon|Bangladesh|1971}} [[Tajuddin Ahmad]]<br />{{small|([[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]] of [[Provisional Government of Bangladesh]])}}<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} [[M. A. G. Osmani]]<br />{{small|([[Commander-in-chief|Cdr-in-C]], [[Bangladesh Armed Forces|Bangladesh Forces]])}}<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} [[Major|Maj.]] [[K M Shafiullah|K.M. Shafiullah]]<br>{{small|(Commander, [[S Force (Bangladesh)|S Force]])}}<br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} [[Major|Maj.]] [[Ziaur Rahman]]<br />{{small|(Commander, [[Z Force (Bangladesh)|Z Force]])}}<br />{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} [[Major|Maj.]] [[Khaled Mosharraf]] <br />{{small|(Commander, [[K Force (Bangladesh)|K Force]])}}<br />
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{{flagicon|India}} [[Varahagiri Venkata Giri|V. V. Giri]]<br />{{small|([[President of India]])}}<br />
{{Flagicon|India}} [[इन्दिरा गांधी]]<br />{{small|([[भारत का प्रधानमन्त्री]])}}<br />
{{flagicon|India}} [[Swaran Singh]]<br />{{small|([[Minister of External Affairs (India)|External Minister of India]])}}<br />
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[General officer|Gen]] [[Sam Manekshaw]]<br />{{small|([[Chief of Army Staff (India)|Chief of Army Staff]])}}<br />
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Lieutenant General|Lt.Gen]] [[Jagjit Singh Arora|J.S. Arora]]<br />{{small|([[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief|GOC-in-C]], [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]])}}<br />
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Lieutenant General|Lt.Gen]] [[Sagat Singh]]<br />{{small|(GOC-in-C, [[IV Corps (India)|IV Corps]])}}<br />[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Major General|Maj.Gen]] [[Inderjit Singh Gill]]<br />{{small|(Dir., [[List of military operations of India|Military Operations]])}}<br>
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Major General|Maj.Gen]] [[Om Prakash Malhotra|Om Malhotra]]<br />{{small|([[Chief of Staff|COS]], [[IV Corps (India)|IV Corps]])}}<br />
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Major General|Maj.Gen]] [[J. F. R. Jacob|Farj R. Jacob]]<br />{{small|(COS, Eastern Command)}}<br>
[[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Major General|Maj.Gen]] [[Shabeg Singh]]<br>{{small|([[General Officer Commanding|GOC]], [[The Garhwal Rifles|Garhwal Rifles]]/Training [[Mukti Bahini|MB]])}}<br>
[[File:Naval Ensign of India.svg|20px]] [[Vice Admiral|V.Adm]] [[Nilakanta Krishnan]]<br>{{small|([[Flag officer|FOC-in-C]], [[Eastern Naval Command]])}}<br>[[File:Air Force Ensign of India.svg|20px]] [[Air Marshal|AM]] [[Hari Chand Dewan]]<br>{{small|([[Air Officer Commander-in-Chief|AOC-in-C]], [[Eastern Air Command (India)|Eastern Air Command]])}}<br>[[File:RAW India.jpg|15px]] [[K. Sankaran Nair]]<br>{{small|(Deputy Director, [[Research and Analysis Wing|R&AW]])}}
| commander2 = {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Abdul Motaleb Malik]]<br>{{small|([[Governor of East Pakistan]])}}<br>{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Ghulam Azam]]<br>{{small|([[Chairman|Chair]], [[East Pakistan Central Peace Committee|Nagorik Shanti Committee]])}}<br>{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Motiur Rahman Nizami]]<br>{{small|([[Emir]] of [[Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh|Jamaat-e-Islami]])}}<br>{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Abdul Quader Molla]]<br>{{small|(Leader, [[Al-Badr (East Pakistan)|Al-Badr]])}}<br>{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Abul Kalam Azad (politician)|Abul Kalam Azad]]<br>{{small|(Leader, [[Razakar (Pakistan)|Razakar]])}}<br>{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry]]<br>{{small|(Leader, [[Al-Shams (East Pakistan)|Al-Shams]])}}
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{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Yahya Khan]]<br />{{small|([[President of Pakistan]])}}<br />{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Nurul Amin]]<br />{{small|([[Prime Minister of Pakistan]])}}<br />[[File:Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg|20px]] [[General officer|Gen.]] [[Abdul Hamid Khan (general)|A.H. Khan]]<br />{{small|([[Army Chief of Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Staff]], [[GHQ (Pakistan Army)|Army GHQ]])}}<br />[[File:Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg|20px]] [[Lieutenant-General|Lt.Gen]] [[A. A. K. Niazi|A.A.K. Niazi]]{{Surrendered}}<br />{{small|(Commander, [[Pakistan Eastern Command|Eastern Command]])}}<br />[[File:Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg|20px]] [[Major-General|MGen]] [[Rao Farman Ali]]{{Surrendered}}<br />{{small|([[Military advisor|Mil.Adv.]], [[Government of East Pakistan|Govt. EPk]])}}<br />[[File:Flag of the Pakistani Army.svg|20px]] [[Major-General|MGen]] [[Khadim Hussain Raja|Khadim Hussain]]{{Surrendered}}<br>{{small|([[General Officer Commanding|GOC]], [[Structure of the Pakistan Army|14th Infantry Division]])}}<br />[[File:Naval Jack of Pakistan.svg|20px]] [[Rear-Admiral|RAdm]] [[Mohammad Shariff|Moh'd Shariff]]{{Surrendered}}<br />{{small|([[Commander (rank)|Cdr]], Eastern Naval Command)}}<br />[[File:Naval Jack of Pakistan.svg|20px]] [[Captain (naval)|Capt.]] [[Ahmad Zamir]]{{Surrendered}}<br>{{small|([[Commanding Officer|CO]], [[Pakistan Marines|Pakistan Marines East]]}})<br>[[File:Naval Jack of Pakistan.svg|20px]] [[Commander (rank)|Cdr]] [[Zafar Muhammad Khan|Zafar Muhammad]]{{KIA}}<br>{{small|([[Commanding officer|CO]], {{ship|PNS|Ghazi||6}})}}<br>[[File:Pakistani Air Force Ensign.svg|20px]] [[Air Commodore|Air Cdre]] [[Inamul Haque Khan|Inamul Haque]]{{Surrendered}}<br>{{small|([[Air officer commanding|AOC]], Eastern Air Command)}}<br>[[File:Pakistani Air Force Ensign.svg|20px]] [[Air Commodore|Air Cdre]] [[Mitty Masud]]<br>{{small|(AOC, Eastern Air Cmnd. (1969–71))}}<br>
| commander3 =
| units1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} 175,000<ref name=ACIG/><ref>Pakistan & the Karakoram Highway By Owen Bennett-Jones, Lindsay Brown, John Mock, Sarina Singh, Pg 30</ref> <br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of the Ministry of Defence of India.svg}} 250,000<ref name=ACIG/>
| units2 = {{flagicon|Pakistan}} ~365,000 regular troops (~97,000+ in East Pakistan)<ref name=ACIG/> <br /> ~25,000 militiamen<ref>p. 442 ''Indian Army after Independence'' by KC Pravel: Lancer 1987 {{ISBN|81-7062-014-7}}</ref>
| units3 =
| strength1 =
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| strength3 =
| casualties1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Mukti Bahini-DeFacto.svg}} ~30,000 killed<ref>{{cite book|last1=Thiranagama|first1=edited by Sharika|last2=Kelly|first2=Tobias|title=Traitors : suspicion, intimacy, and the ethics of state-building|date=2012|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=0812222377}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18049515 |title=Bangladesh Islamist leader Ghulam Azam charged |publisher=BBC |date=13 May 2012 |accessdate=13 May 2012}}</ref> <br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of the Ministry of Defence of India.svg}} 1,426–1,525 killed<ref name="FallOfDacca">Figures from ''The Fall of Dacca'' by [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]] in ''The Illustrated Weekly of India'' dated 23 December 1973 quoted in ''Indian Army after Independence'' by KC Pravel: Lancer 1987 {{ISBN|81-7062-014-7}}</ref> <br /> 3,611–4,061 wounded<ref name="FallOfDacca">Figures from ''The Fall of Dacca'' by [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]] in ''The Illustrated Weekly of India'' dated 23 December 1973 quoted in ''Indian Army after Independence'' by KC Pravel: Lancer 1987 {{ISBN|81-7062-014-7}}</ref>
| casualties2 = {{flagicon|Pakistan}} ~8,000 killed <br /> ~10,000 wounded <br /> 90,000—93,000 captured<ref name="dailytimes1912005" >{{cite news |last=Khan |first=Shahnawaz |date=19 January 2005 |title=54 Indian PoWs of 1971 war still in Pakistan |url=http://archives.dailytimes.com.pk/national/19-Jan-2005/54-indian-pows-of-1971-war-still-in-pakistan |location=Lahore |newspaper=Daily Times |accessdate=11 October 2011}}</ref> (including 79,676 troops and 10,324—12,192 local militiamen)<ref name="FallOfDacca" /><ref>Figure from ''Pakistani Prisoners of War in India'' by Col S.P. Salunke p.10 quoted in ''Indian Army after Independence'' by KC Pravel: Lancer 1987 ({{ISBN|81-7062-014-7}})</ref><ref name="India's Borderland Disputes: China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0RBOnS8KsgcC&pg=PA117 |title=India's Borderland Disputes: China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal |last=Orton |first=Anna |publisher=Epitome Books |year=2010 |isbn=9789380297156 |page=117}}</ref>
| casualties3 = [[1971 Bangladesh genocide|Civilian death]]:<ref name="autogenerated1"/> Estimates range between 300,000 and 3 million.
| notes =
| image2 = [[File:{{flagicon|Bangladesh|1971}}300px]]
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Bangladesh Liberation War}}
}}
'''बांग्लादेश का स्वतंत्रता संग्राम''' १९७१ में हुआ था, इसे 'मुक्ति संग्राम' भी कहते हैं। यह युद्ध वर्ष १९७१ में २५ मार्च से १६ दिसम्बर तक चला था। इस रक्तरंजित युद्ध के माध्यम सेे बांलादेश ने पाकिस्तान से स्वाधीनता प्राप्त की। 16 दिसम्बर सन् १९७१ को [[बांग्लादेश]] बना था। भारत की पाकिस्तान पर इस ऐतिहासिक जीत को [[विजय दिवस]] के रूप में मनाया जाता है। [[पाकिस्तान]] पर यह जीत कई मायनों में ऐतिहासिक थी। भारत ने ९३ हजार पाकिस्तानी सैनिकों को घुटने टेकने पर मजबूर कर दिया था।
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