कोशिका विभाजन की प्रक्रिया कई प्रकार की होती है। प्रोकैरियोटिक कोशिकाओं का विभाजन यूकैरियोटिक कोशिकाओं से भिन्न होता है।
The sequence of phases in cell cycle is G<sub>1</sub>, S, G<sub>2</sub> and M phase. It means the life cycle of a cell involves two distinct phases
(1) '''Interphase (non–dividing period) :''' Biologists divide interphase into three distinct periods on the basis of synthetic activities
(a) '''Post–mitotic or first growth period''' (G<sub>1</sub>–period) ''':''' The young daughter cell grows in size during this period. Its duration is most variable and the non–dividing cells remain permanently in this stage.
(b) '''Synthetic period''' (S–period) ''':''' It is characterised by the replication of DNA. A diploid cell during this phase has double the amount of DNA (''i.e.'' 4''n''). Histones are also synthesized so that two chromatids are formed in each chromosome. Time taken in 30-50% of cell cycle.
(c) '''Premitotic or second growth period''' (G<sub>2</sub> period) ''':''' It is characterised by increased nuclear volume. During its certain metabolic activities occur as a prerequisite of cell division. Time taken is 10-20%.
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