"चारकोल": अवतरणों में अंतर

आर. ऑस्ट्राइको ने सन्‌ १९०० के कुछ पहले ही पता लगा लिया था कि भाप की धारा में काठकोयले के चटक लाल ताप तक गरम करने से काठकोयले की शोषणशक्ति बहुत बढ़ जाती है। ऐसे काठकोयले को सक्रियकृत काठकोयला कहते हैं। सन्‌ १९१६ के बाद सक्रियकृत काठकोयला बनाने की गई रीतियाँ आविष्कृत हुईं। [[द्वितीय विश्वयुद्ध|द्वितीय महायुद्ध]] के गैस मास्कों के लिए अधिक सक्रियकृत काठकोयले की आवश्यकता पड़ी। तब अनुसंधानों द्वारा पता लगा कि पत्थर के कोयले को विशेष ताप तक तप्त करके उसपर भाप प्रवाहित करने से सस्ते में अच्छा सक्रियकृत कोयला प्राप्त हो सकता है।<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.beautyepic.com/activated-charcoal-benefits/ |title=लकड़ी का कोयला लाभ] |access-date=24 मई 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525195116/http://www.beautyepic.com/activated-charcoal-benefits/ |archive-date=25 मई 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100831133732/http://www.personal.rdg.ac.uk/~scsharip/Charcoal.htm On Charcoal]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516074850/http://www.lump-charcoal.com/ The Lump Charcoal Database] - Information about lump charcoal

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101023222443/http://e-charcoalmaking.blogspot.com/ Charcoal Making] - Charcoal making community for livelihood

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101023222442/http://e-charcoalmakingprocess.blogspot.com/ How to Make Charcoal] - Traditional charcoal production method, India

* [httphttps://wwwweb.archive.org/web/20100330211745/http://weyriver.co.uk/theriver/industry_6_charcoal.htm The River Wey and Wey Navigations Community Site]—a non-commercial site of over 200,000 words all about the Wey Valley and includes a photo file on charcoal production and information relating to gunpowder manufacture at Chilworth

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100601014725/http://www.nps.gov/cato/historyculture/charcoal.htm Catoctin Mountain Park - Charcoal and Iron Industry (U.S. National Park Service)] [[Catoctin Mountain Park]], Maryland, USA, includes interpretive features ("Charcoal Trail", etc) on the history of charcoal making in the area

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101109171012/http://bbq.about.com/b/2007/04/12/charcoal-of-the-future.htm Coconut Charcoal] - Facts

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110921120530/http://www.goodnewsindia.com/Pages/content/discovery/karve.html Discovery of new charcoal production process] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20100522092717/http://www.arti-india.org/content/view/42/52/ ARTI, Appropriate Rural Technologies Institute] - Making powdered charcoal directly from sugar cane leaves and trash

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100620061658/http://www.biocoal.org/3.html The "Adam-retort", or ICPS (Improved Charcoal Production System)]

* [httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20030127215121/http://www.hnei.hawaii.edu/bio.r3.asp Flash Carbonization is a pressurised highly efficient charcoal making process]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121016235643/http://www.flickr.com/photos/22903822@N07/3746426872 A photo of traditional charcoal production in Cuba.] Photo by Robert Frigault

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100412074219/http://www.ronamir.com/ronamir_special_projects.php 500cm x 600 cm detailed Drawing.] Artist Ron Amir