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[[चित्र:ONGC Oil Platform.jpg|thumb|right|ONGC platform at [[Bombay High]] in the [[Arabian Sea]]]]
 
ऑयल एण्ड नैचुरल गैस कॉर्पोरेशन लिमिटेड (ओएनजीसी) [[२३ जून|23 जून]] [[१९९३|1993]] से प्रारंभ हुई एक भारतीय [[सार्वजनिक प्रतिष्ठान|सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र]] की पेट्रोलियम कंपनी है। इसे [[फॉर्चून 500|फॉर्च्यून ग्लोबल 500]] द्वारा 335 वें स्थान पर रखा गया है। इस कंपनी को महारत्न कंपनी बनने का दर्जा सन २०१०<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cgnewshindi.in/2020/06/list-of-maharatna-navratna-and.html|title=List of Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna Companies in India|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2020-06-19}}</ref> में प्राप्त हुआ। यह भारत मे कच्चे तेल के कुल उत्पादन मे 77% और गैस के उत्पादन मे 81% का योगदान करती है। यह सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र की सबसे अधिक लाभ अर्जित करने वाली कंपनी है। इसे 14 अगस्त 1956 को एक आयोग के रूप में स्थापित किया गया था। इस कंपनी में भारत सरकार की कुल इक्विटी हिस्सेदारी 74.14% है।
 
ओएनजीसी कच्चे तेल के अन्वेषण और उत्पादन गतिविधियों में संलिप्त है। इसकी [[हाइड्रोकार्बन]] के अन्वेषण और उत्पादन गतिविधियों भारत के 26 तलछटी बेसिनों में चल रही हैं। यह भारत के कच्चे तेल की कुल आवश्यकता का लगभग 30% उत्पादन करती है। इसके स्वामित्व मे एक 11000 किलोमीटर लम्बी पाइपलाइन है जिसका परिचालन यह स्वंय करती है। मार्च 2007 तक यह [[मार्केट कैप]] के संदर्भ में यह भारत की सबसे बड़ी कंपनी थी।
 
<!--(incorporated on [[June 23]], [[1993]]) is an [[भारत]]n [[public sector]] petroleum company. It is a [[Fortune Global 500]] company ranked 335th, and contributes 77% of India's [[petroleum|crude oil]] production and 81% of India's [[natural gas]] production. It is the highest profit making corporation in India. It was set up as a [[government agency|commission]] on [[August 14]], [[1956]]. Indian government holds 74.14% equity stake in this company.
== <!--(incorporated on [[June 23]], [[1993]]) is an [[भारत]]n [[public sector]] petroleum company. It is a [[Fortune Global 500]] company ranked 335th, and contributes 77% of India's [[petroleum|crude oil]] production and 81% of India's [[natural gas]] production. It is the highest profit making corporation in India. It was set up as a [[government agency|commission]] on [[August 14]], [[1956]]. Indian government holds 74.14% equity stake in this company. ONGC is engaged in exploration and production activities. It is involved in exploring for and exploiting hydrocarbons in 26 sedimentary basins of India. It produces about 30% of India's crude oil requirement. It owns and operates more than 11,000 kilometers of pipelines in India. Until recently (March 2007) it was the largest company in terms of [[market cap]] in India.<ref>[http://today.reuters.co.uk/stocks/CompanyProfile.aspx?symbol=ONGC.BO Company Profile]</ref>. ==History== ===Foundation=== In August 1956, the Oil and Natural Gas Commission was formed. Raised from mere Directorate status to Commission, it had enhanced powers. In 1959, these powers were further enhanced by converting the commission into a statutory body by an act of [[Indian Parliament]]. Major functions of ONGC according to this provision were to plan, promote, organize and implement programs for the development of petroleum resources and the production and sale of petroleum and its products. ===1960-1990=== Since its foundation stone was laid, ONGC is transforming India’s view towards Oil and Natural Gas by emulating the country’s limited upstream capabilities into a large viable playing field. ONGC, since 1959, has made its presence noted in most parts of [[भारत]] and in overseas territories. ONGC found new resources in [[Assam]] and also established the new oil province in Cambay basin (Gujarat). In 1970 with the discovery of [[Bombay High]] (now known as Mumbai High), ONGC went offshore. With this discovery and subsequent discovery of huge oil fields in the Western offshore, a total of 5 billion tonnes of hydrocarbon present in the country was discovered. The most important contribution of ONGC, however, is its self-reliance and development of core competence in exploration and production activities at a globally competitive level. ===Post-1990=== Post 1990, the liberalized economic policy was brought into effect, subsequently partial disinvestments of government equity in Public Sector Undertakings were sought. As a result, ONGC was re-organized as a limited company and after conversion of business of the erstwhile Oil & Natural Gas Commission to that of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd in 1993, 2 percent of shares through competitive bidding were disinvested. Further expansion of equity was done by 2 percent share offering to ONGC employees. Another big leap was taken in March 1999, when ONGC, IOC ([[Indian Oil Corporation]]) and [[GAIL|Gas Authority of India Ltd.]](GAIL) agreed to have cross holding in each other’s stock. Consequently the Government sold off 10 per cent of its share holding in ONGC to IOC and 2.5 per cent to GAIL. With this, the Government holding in ONGC came down to 84.11 per cent. In 2002-03 ONGC took over [[Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals]] Limited (MRPL) from [[Birla Group]] and announced its entrance into retailing business. ONGC also went to global fields through its subsidiary, ONGC Videsh Ltd. (OVL). ONGC has made major investments in Vietnam, Sakhalin and Sudan and earned its first hydrocarbon revenue from its investment in Vietnam. ==International rankings== * ONGC has been ranked at 198 by the Forbes Magazine in their [[Forbes Global 2000]] list for the year 2007<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/18/biz_2000global08_The-Global-2000-India_10Rank.html]</ref>. * ONGC has featured in the 2008 list of [[Fortune Global 500]] companies at position 335,<ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/common/news_article.php?leftnm=1&subLeft=1&chklogin=N&autono=328334&tab=r Fortune 500]</ref> a climb of 34 positions from rank of 369 in 2007. * ONGC is ranked as Asia’s best Oil & Gas company, as per a recent survey conducted by US-based magazine ‘Global Finance’ * 2nd biggest E&P company (and 1st in terms of profits), as per the Platts Energy Business Technology (EBT) Survey 2004 * Ranks 24th among Global Energy Companies by Market Capitalization in PFC Energy 50 (December 2004). * Economic Times 500, Business Today 500, Business Baron 500 and Business Week recognizes ONGC as most valuable Indian corporate, by Market Capitalization, Net Worth and Net Profits.<ref>[http://www.ongcindia.com/profile.asp ONGC :: Investor Center :: Profile --> <nowiki> </nowiki>यह भी देखें ==
 
ONGC is engaged in exploration and production activities. It is involved in exploring for and exploiting hydrocarbons in 26 sedimentary basins of India. It produces about 30% of India's crude oil requirement. It owns and operates more than 11,000 kilometers of pipelines in India. Until recently (March 2007) it was the largest company in terms of [[market cap]] in India.<ref>[http://today.reuters.co.uk/stocks/CompanyProfile.aspx?symbol=ONGC.BO Company Profile]</ref>.
* [https://www.cgnewshindi.in/2020/06/list-of-maharatna-navratna-and.html महारत्न कम्पनी की सूची।]
 
==History==
===Foundation===
 
In August 1956, the Oil and Natural Gas Commission was formed. Raised from mere Directorate status to Commission, it had enhanced powers. In 1959, these powers were further enhanced by converting the commission into a statutory body by an act of [[Indian Parliament]]. Major functions of ONGC according to this provision were to plan, promote, organize and implement programs for the development of petroleum resources and the production and sale of petroleum and its products.
 
===1960-1990===
 
Since its foundation stone was laid, ONGC is transforming India’s view towards Oil and Natural Gas by emulating the country’s limited upstream capabilities into a large viable playing field. ONGC, since 1959, has made its presence noted in most parts of [[भारत]] and in overseas territories. ONGC found new resources in [[Assam]] and also established the new oil province in Cambay basin (Gujarat). In 1970 with the discovery of [[Bombay High]] (now known as Mumbai High), ONGC went offshore. With this discovery and subsequent discovery of huge oil fields in the Western offshore, a total of 5 billion tonnes of hydrocarbon present in the country was discovered. The most important contribution of ONGC, however, is its self-reliance and development of core competence in exploration and production activities at a globally competitive level.
 
===Post-1990===
 
Post 1990, the liberalized economic policy was brought into effect, subsequently partial disinvestments of government equity in Public Sector Undertakings were sought. As a result, ONGC was re-organized as a limited company and after conversion of business of the erstwhile Oil & Natural Gas Commission to that of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd in 1993, 2 percent of shares through competitive bidding were disinvested. Further expansion of equity was done by 2 percent share offering to ONGC employees. Another big leap was taken in March 1999, when ONGC, IOC ([[Indian Oil Corporation]]) and [[GAIL|Gas Authority of India Ltd.]](GAIL) agreed to have cross holding in each other’s stock. Consequently the Government sold off 10 per cent of its share holding in ONGC to IOC and 2.5 per cent to GAIL. With this, the Government holding in ONGC came down to 84.11 per cent.
In 2002-03 ONGC took over [[Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals]] Limited (MRPL) from [[Birla Group]] and announced its entrance into retailing business. ONGC also went to global fields through its subsidiary, ONGC Videsh Ltd. (OVL). ONGC has made major investments in Vietnam, Sakhalin and Sudan and earned its first hydrocarbon revenue from its investment in Vietnam.
 
==International rankings==
* ONGC has been ranked at 198 by the Forbes Magazine in their [[Forbes Global 2000]] list for the year 2007<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2008/18/biz_2000global08_The-Global-2000-India_10Rank.html]</ref>.
* ONGC has featured in the 2008 list of [[Fortune Global 500]] companies at position 335,<ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/common/news_article.php?leftnm=1&subLeft=1&chklogin=N&autono=328334&tab=r Fortune 500]</ref> a climb of 34 positions from rank of 369 in 2007.
* ONGC is ranked as Asia’s best Oil & Gas company, as per a recent survey conducted by US-based magazine ‘Global Finance’
* 2nd biggest E&P company (and 1st in terms of profits), as per the Platts Energy Business Technology (EBT) Survey 2004
* Ranks 24th among Global Energy Companies by Market Capitalization in PFC Energy 50 (December 2004).
* Economic Times 500, Business Today 500, Business Baron 500 and Business Week recognizes ONGC as most valuable Indian corporate, by Market Capitalization, Net Worth and Net Profits.<ref>[http://www.ongcindia.com/profile.asp ONGC :: Investor Center :: Profile -->
 
==बाहरी कड़ियाँ==
"https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/तेल_एवं_प्राकृतिक_गैस_निगम_लिमिटेड" से प्राप्त