"किलोग्राम": अवतरणों में अंतर

'''किलोग्राम''' (चिन्ह: kg) भार की [[SI]] इकाई है. एक किलोग्राम की परिभाषानुसार, {{उक्ति|यह अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय मूलरूप किलोग्राम, IPK, <span style="margin-left:0.15em"><ref name="FirstCGPM">BIMP: ''[http://www.bipm.org/en/CGPM/db/1/1/ Resolution of the 1st CGPM (1889)]''_&nbsp;</ref></span> (IPK; जो अपने फ़्रेंच नाम ''ली ग्रैंड&nbsp;K से जाना जाता है)'', के भार के बराबर है, जो कि एक [[लीटर]] जल के भार के एकदम बराबर है. यह इकलौती SI इकाई है, जिसका उपसर्ग किलो उसके नाम का भाग है.

 

SI इकाई प्रणाली में कई इकाइयाँ किलोग्राम के सापेक्ष ही परिभाषित हैं, अतएव इसकी स्थिरता महत्वपूर्ण है. जब IPK को समय के साथ बदलता पाया गया, तब [[CIPM]] ने 2005 में यह तय किया, कि किलोग्राम को प्रकॄति के मूल स्थिरांकों में परिभशःइत किया जये. <ref name="94thCIPM">''Proceedings of the 94th meeting (October 2005) of the International Committee for Weights and Measures'', ([http://www.bipm.fr/utils/common/pdf/CIPM2005.zip 1.1&nbsp;MB zip file, here])_&nbsp;</ref>

 

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|xM = मैगाग्राम([[टन]])

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EDITORS NOTE REGARDING BULLET-POINT TEXT SIZE: The below bullet notes have alternately been tried in both normal-size text, then small text, then normal, etc. While it may be tempting to reduce the below section (as they are near-parenthetical, footnote-type notes), small text has proven too difficult to read on many computer systems. Accordingly, please leave the below text in normal size. -->

* The microgram is often abbreviated “mcg”, particularly in pharmaceutical and nutritional supplement labeling, to avoid confusion since the “µ” prefix is not well recognized outside of technical disciplines.<ref>The practice of using the abbreviation “mcg” rather than the SI symbol “µg” was formally mandated for medical practitioners in 2004 by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) in their [http://www.aapmr.org/hpl/pracguide/jcahosymbols.htm “Do Not Use” List: Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols] because hand-written expressions of “µg” can be confused with “mg”, resulting in a thousand-fold overdosing. The mandate was also adopted by the [http://www.ismp.org/ Institute for Safe Medication Practices.]_&nbsp;</ref> Note however, that the ''abbreviation'' “mcg”, is also the ''symbol'' for an obsolete [[Centimetre gram second system of units|CGS]] unit of measure known as the “millicentigram”, which is equal to 10&nbsp;µg.

* The unit name “megagram” is rarely used, and even then, typically only in technical fields in contexts where especially rigorous consistency with the units of measure is desired. For most purposes, the unit “[[tonne]]” is instead used. The tonne and its symbol, t, were adopted by the CIPM in 1879. It is a non-SI unit accepted by the BIPM for use with the SI. In English speaking countries it is usually called “metric ton”.<ref>BIPM: SI Brochure: Section 4.1, ''Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI, and units based on fundamental {{nowrap|constants:''&nbsp;[http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter4/table6.html Table 6]}}_&nbsp;</ref> Note also that the unit name “megatonne” or “megaton” (Mt) is often used in general-interest literature on [[greenhouse gas]] emissions whereas the equivalent value in scientific papers on the subject is often the “teragram” (Tg). -->

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{{externalimage

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|image6=NPL: [http://www.npl.co.uk/server.php?show=conMediaFile.1083 The NPL’s Watt Balance project]

|image7=NIST: [http://museum.nist.gov/object.asp?ObjID=51 The Rueprecht Balance], Austrian-made, precision balance used by the NIST from 1945 until 1960

|image9=BIPM: [http://www.bipm.org/en/scientific/mass/pictures_mass/mettler.html Mettler HK1000 balance], featuring 1&nbsp;µg resolution and a 4&nbsp;kg maximum mass. Also used by NIST and Sandia National Laboratories’ Primary Standards Laboratory

}}

* National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST): ''[http://www.nist.gov/public_affairs/releases/electrokilogram.htm NIST Improves Accuracy of ‘Watt Balance’ Method for Defining the Kilogram]''

* BBC: ''[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7084099.stm Getting the measure of a kilogram]''

 

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