"जांग चिंग": अवतरणों में अंतर
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पंक्ति 14:
==Married life==
Their relationship fluorished during the years of the civil war butthings changed once the Communists triumphed in the [[:en:Chinese Civil War]] and Mao became absolute dictator of China.
As Mao went around on daily business and entertainment, Jiang was kept out of the public eye और वो तो बोहोत तंहा और उदास हुइ थि. Mao had many affairs, especially bringing young virgins in from the countryside for his pleasure.<ref name="min">मिन, आंची. Becoming Madame Mao (2001, Mariner Books, ISBN 0-618-12700-3)</ref>
==संवर्धन आमूल परिवर्त==
When Mao and the Communist Party began to get at odds over questions of ideology and laws, jiang came out and supported her husband. She was determined to support Mao in the [[संवर्धन आमूल परिवर्त]] और चिंग तो संवर्धन मंत्रालय मैं काम किया । [[माओ त्सेतूंग|माओ]] उस्को ''स्थानापन्न प्रतिनिधि प्रबंधक'' पद तो दिया <ref name="E">[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-JiangQin.html जांग चिंग] - हई बीम अनुसंधान</ref> | With other radicals, she undertook a purge of the arts from what she deemed was "obsession with राजा, princes, beautiful women, and feudalism". She replaced these with politically correct works called (样板戏, यांग बान षि). This resulted in the humiliation of thousands of artists, intellectuals, and playwrights.
She supported Mao as he used his Red Guards to attack what he termed as revisionists in the party. Mao told them the क्रान्ति was in danger and that they must do all they could to stop the emergence of a privileged class in China. He argued this is what had happened in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev.
==Politics-==
Jiang Qing incited radical youths organized as Red Guards against other senior political leaders and government officials, including [[लीउ शओची]], the President of the PRC at that time, and [[देंग शाउपिंग]], the Deputy Premier. Internally divided into factions both to the "left" and "right" of Jiang Qing and Mao, not all Red Guards were friendly to Jiang Qing.
[[लीउ शओची]], [[देंग शाउपिंग]], [[चार की टोली]] शुरु किया [[चांघ चंग चाओ]], [[याओ वेन्युआन]], और [[वेंग हांग वेन]] के साथ । [[:en:Politburo_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China|पोलित्बुरो]] को सन्युक्त किया १९६९ मैं ।▼
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Jiang Qing first collaborated with then 2nd-in-charge [[लिन बिआउ]], but after Lin's death in a plane crash in 1971, she turned against him publicly in the "Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius" Campaign. She also spearheaded the campaign against Deng Xiaoping in the mid '70s (later saying that this was inspired by Mao). The Chinese public became intensely unhappy at this time and, rather than blaming Mao, they chose to blame a more accessible and easier target, Jiang Qing.
==After Mao's death==
In September 1976, Mao died at the age of 83. When Mao's will was eventually found, he Hua Guofeng as his successor, a provincial governor from his home province. Madame Mao quickly sensed that her enemies would triumph - at Mao's funeral she was barely acknowledged.
==Trial==
On October 6 1976, Jiang Qing and three others were arrested for attempting to seize power by setting up militia coups in Shanghai and Beijing. After her arrest, Jiang Qing was sent to the Qincheng Prison, and was held under detention for five years. Jiang Qing was tried for crimes against innocent people and subverting the government between years 1981 and 1982, and there was a command that she exacted from her audience. During her public trials at the "Special Court", Jiang Qing was the only member of the Gang of Four who bothered to argue on her behalf. The defense's argument was that she obeyed the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong at all times. Jiang Qing maintained that all she had done was to defend Chairman Mao. It was at this trial that Jiang Qing made the famous quote "I was Chairman Mao's dog. Whomever he asked me to bite, I bit"[1] . The official records of the trial have not yet been released. Jiang Qing was sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve in 1981, and the sentence was later commuted to life imprisonment. This was allegedly to "give her time to repent." She began receiving medical treatment in 1984 after being diagnosed with throat cancer, however, she refused an operation. Jiang Qing was released for medical reasons in 1991. At the hospital, Jiang Qing used the name Lǐ Rùnqīng (Chinese: 李润青). <ref name="brit">[http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9327598 जांग चिंग] - Encyclopedia Brittanica</ref> On May 14, 1991, Jiang Qing आत्महत्या किया by hanging herself in a bathroom of her hospital, aged 77.<ref name="nl">[http://www.iisg.nl/~landsberger/jq.html Jiang Qing] - International Institute of Social History</ref>
==Problems==
According to Jung Chang's and Jon Halliday's biography of Mao Zedong, Jiang Qing's favorite hobbies included photography, playing cards, and watching foreign movies, especially Gone with the Wind. She suffered as a [[:en:hypochondriac]] as diagnosed by Mao's physician Li Zhisui).<ref>[Jung Chang and Jon Halliday, Mao: The Unknown Story (London, 2005); Jonathan Cape, ISBN 0-679-42271-4</ref>
==जांग चिंग के नाम==
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