पश्चिमी विश्व
पश्चिमी विश्व या केवल पश्चिम से प्रसंग के अनुसार अलग-अलग देशों का बोध होता है। अधिकांशतः 'पश्चिम' से आशय यूरोप के के कुछ भाग, ऑस्ट्रालेशिया, तथा उत्तरी एवं दक्षिणी अमेरिका से होता है (लैटिन अमेरिका को पश्चिमी विश्व में गिना जाय या नहीं, इसाको लेकर मतैक्य नहीं है।)[3] पश्चिमी विश्व को 'पश्चिमी जगत' या पश्चिमी दुनिया' भी कहते हैं।
इन्हें भी देखें
संपादित करेंटिप्पणी
संपादित करेंसन्दर्भ
संपादित करें- ↑ THE WORLD OF CIVILIZATIONS: POST-1990 scanned image Archived 12 मार्च 2007 at the वेबैक मशीन
- ↑ Huntington, Samuel P. (1991). Clash of Civilizations (6th संस्करण). Washington, DC. पपृ॰ 38–39. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 978-0-684-84441-1 – वाया http://www.mercaba.org/SANLUIS/Historia/Universal/Huntington,%20Samuel%20-%20El%20choque%20de%20civilizaciones.pdf (in Spanish).
The origin of western civilization is usually dated to 700 or 800 AD. In general, researchers consider that it has three main components, in Europe, North America and Latin America. [...] However, Latin America has followed a quite different development path from Europe and North America. Although it is a scion of European civilization, it also incorporates, to varying degrees, elements of indigenous American civilizations, absent from North America and Europe. It has had a corporatist and authoritarian culture that Europe had to a much lesser extent and America did not have at all. Both Europe and North America felt the effects of the Reformation and combined Catholic and Protestant culture. Historically, Latin America has been only Catholic, although this may be changing. [...] Latin America could be considered, or a sub-civilization within Western civilization, or a separate civilization, intimately related to the West and divided as to its belonging to it.
- ↑ Western Civilization, Our Tradition; James Kurth; accessed 30 August 2011
पठनीय
संपादित करें- Ankerl, Guy (2000). Coexisting contemporary civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and West. INU societal research. Vol.1:. Global communication without universal civilization. Geneva: INU Press. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 2-88155-004-5.सीएस1 रखरखाव: फालतू चिह्न (link)
- Bavaj, Riccardo: "The West": A Conceptual Exploration , European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2011, retrieved: 28 November 2011.
- Daly, Jonathan. "The Rise of Western Power: A Comparative History of Western Civilization" (London and New York: Bloomsbury, 2014). ISBN 9781441161314.
- Daly, Jonathan. "Historians Debate the Rise of the West" (London and New York: Routledge, 2015). ISBN 978-1-13-877481-0.
- The Western Tradition homepage at Annenberg/CPB - where you can watch each episode on demand for free (Pop-ups required)
- J. F. C. Fuller. A Military History of the Western World. Three Volumes. New York: Da Capo Press, Inc., 1987 and 1988.
- V. 1. From the earliest times to the Battle of Lepanto; ISBN 0-306-80304-6.
- V. 2. From the defeat of the Spanish Armada to the Battle of Waterloo; ISBN 0-306-80305-4.
- V. 3. From the American Civil War to the end of World War II; ISBN 0-306-80306-2.