"मैराथन": अवतरणों में अंतर

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The standard distance for the marathon race was set by the [[International Amateur Athletic Federation]] (IAAF) in May 1921<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.european-athletics.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6235&Itemid=2|title=The Marathon journey to reach 42.195km |date=25 April 2008 |publisher=european-athletics.org|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Martin|first=David E.|coauthors=Roger W. H. Gynn|title=The Olympic Marathon |publisher=Human Kinetics Publishers |date=May 2000|page=113|isbn=978-0880119696}}</ref> at a distance of 42.195&nbsp;kilometres (26 miles 385 yards). Rule 240 of their Competition Rules specifies the metric version of this distance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iaaf.org/mm/Document/imported/42192.pdf |title=IAAF Competition Rules 2008 |pages=195 |format=pdf |publisher=[[International Association of Athletics Federations|IAAF]]|accessdate=2009-04-20}}</ref> This seemingly arbitrary distance was that adopted for the marathon at the [[1908 Summer Olympics]] in [[London]]. At a meeting of the [[International Olympic Committee]] in [[The Hague]] in May 1907 it was agreed with the [[British Olympic Association]] that the 1908 Olympics would include a marathon of about 25 miles or 40 kilometres.<ref name='BOC'>British Olympic Council Minutes</ref> In November 1907 a route of about that distance was published in the newspapers, starting at [[Windsor Castle]] and finishing at the Olympic Stadium, the [[White City Stadium|Great White City Stadium]] in [[Shepherd's Bush]] in London.<ref name='ISOH'>. Bob Wilcock, The 1908 Olympic Marathon, Journal of Olympic History, Volume 16 Issue 1, March 2008</ref> There were protests about the final few miles because of tram-lines and cobbles, so the route was revised to cross the rough ground of [[Wormwood Scrubs]]. This lengthened the route, as did plans to make the start {{convert|700|yd|m}} from [[Queen Victoria]]'s statue by [[Windsor Castle]], and it was decided to fix the distance at {{convert|26|mi}} to the stadium, plus a lap of the track (586 yards, 2 feet),<ref name='ISOH'/> using the Royal Entrance as the marathon tunnel, and finishing in front of the Royal Box. For the official Trial Marathon on 25 April 1908, organized by the Polytechnic Harriers, the start was on ‘The Long Walk’&nbsp;– a magnificent avenue leading up to [[Windsor Castle]] in the grounds of [[Windsor Great Park]]. For the Olympic Marathon itself the start was on the private East Terrace of [[Windsor Castle]], with the permission of [[King Edward VII]], so that the public would not interfere with the start.<ref name='ISOH'/> The [[Mary of Teck|Princess of Wales]] and her children drove from their home at [[Frogmore]] on the far side of [[Windsor Great Park]] to watch the start of the race.<ref name='ISOH'/><ref name='diary'>The Princess of Wales' private diary and press reports</ref> Shortly before the Games opened it was realized that the Royal Entrance could not be used as the marathon entrance—it was raised to permit easy descent by the royal party from their carriages, and did not open onto the track—so an alternative entrance was chosen, diagonally opposite the Royal Box. A special path was made just outside the [[Franco British Exhibition]] ground so that the distance to the stadium remained 26 miles. The finishing line was left unchanged, but in order that the spectators, including [[Alexandra of Denmark|Queen Alexandra]], could have the best view of the final yards, the direction of running was changed to "right-hand inside" (i.e. clockwise). This meant the distance in the stadium was shortened to 385 yards, and the total distance became 26 miles 385 yards (42.195&nbsp;km).<ref name='ISOH'/>