"नस्तालीक़": अवतरणों में अंतर
Content deleted Content added
Sanjeev bot (वार्ता | योगदान) छो बॉट: "बाहरी कड़ियाँ" अनुभाग का शीर्षक ठीक किया। |
अनुनाद सिंह (वार्ता | योगदान) No edit summary |
||
पंक्ति 1:
[[चित्र:nastaliq.jpg|thumb|200px|Chalipa panel, [[Mir Emad]].]]
'''नस्तालीक़''' ({{Nastaliq|نستعلیق}}), इस्लामी कैलिग्राफी की एक प्रमुख पद्धति है। इसका जन्म [[इरान]] में चौदहवीं-पन्द्रहवीं शताब्दी में हुआ। यह इरान, दक्षिणी एशिया एवं तुर्की के क्षेत्रों में बहुतायत में प्रयोग की जाती रही है। कभी कभी इसका प्रयोग [[अरबी]] लिखने के लिये भी किया जाता है। शीर्षक आदि लिखने के लिये इसका प्रयोग खूब होता है।
नस्तालीक का एक रूप [[उर्दू]] एवं [[फारसी]] लिखने में प्रयुक्त होता है। [[उर्दू]] अधिकांशतः [[नस्तालीक़]] [[लिपि]] में लिखी जाती है, जो फ़ारसी-अरबी लिपि का एक रूप है। उर्दू दाएँ से बाएँ लिखी जाती है। भारत में उर्दू [[देवनागरी]] में भी लिखी जाती है।
==वर्णमाला==
नीचे की सारिणी में नस्त'अलिक लिपि और उसका उच्चारण दिया गया है।
<table border="2">
<tr>
<th bgcolor="#999999">अक्षर (अकेला)</th>
<th bgcolor="#999999">अक्षर का नाम</th>
<th bgcolor="#999999">
<p dir="ltr">अक्षर का नाम</th>
<th bgcolor="#999999">
उच्चारण</th>
<th bgcolor="#999999">
IPA में उच्चारण</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ا</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''alif''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">अलिफ़ </td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">अ, आ</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ə, ɑ:]</span> after a consonant;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ب</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''be''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA">बे </span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ब</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[b]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">پ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''pe''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA">पे</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">प</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[p]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ت</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''te *''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA">ते</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">त</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">dental [t̪]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ٹ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ṭe''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA">टे</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ट</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"> retroflex <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ʈ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ث</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''se''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">से</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">स</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[s]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ج</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''jīm''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">जीम</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[dʒ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">چ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ce''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">चे</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">च</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[tʃ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ح</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''baṛī he''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">बड़ी हे</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ह</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[h]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">خ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''xe''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ख़े</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ख़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[x]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">د</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''dāl''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">दाल</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">द</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">dental <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[d̪]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ڈ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ḍāl''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">डाल</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ड</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">retroflex <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ɖ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ذ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''zāl''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ज़ाल</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[z]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ر</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''re''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">रे</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">र</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">dental <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[r]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ڑ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ṛe''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ड़े</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ड़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">retroflex <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ɽ] flap </span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ز</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ze''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ज़े</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[z]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ژ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ze''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ज़े</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ʒ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">س</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''sīn *''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">सीन</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">स</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[s]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ش</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''śīn''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">शीन</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">श</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ʃ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ص</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''svād''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">स्वाद</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">स</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[s]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ض</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''zvād''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ज़्वाद</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[z]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ط</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''to''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">तो</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">त</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[t]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ظ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''zo''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ज़ो</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ज़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[z]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ع</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''aen''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">'अएन</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">'अ</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ɑ:]</span> after a consonant;
<p>otherwise <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ʔ]</span>,
<span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ə]</span>, or silent.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">غ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''ġaen''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">ग़एन</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ग़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ɣ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ف</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''fe''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">फ़े</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">फ़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[f]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ق</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''qāf''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">क़ाफ़</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">क़</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[q]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ک</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''kāf''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">काफ़</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">क</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[k]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">گ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''gāf''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">गाफ़</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ग</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[g]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ل</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''lām''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">लाम</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ल</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[l]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">م</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''mīm''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">मीम</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">म</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[m]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ن</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''nūn''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">नून</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">न</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[n]</span> or a nasal vowel</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">و</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''vāo''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">वाओ</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">व,
उ, ऊ, ओ, औ</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[v, u, ʊ, o,au]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ہ, ﮩ, ﮨ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''choṭī he''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">छोटी हे</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">ह्, अः, (आ)</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ɑ]</span> at the end of
a word,
<p>otherwise <span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[h]</span> or silent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ھ</span></td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''do caśmī he''</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">दो चश्मी हे</td>
<td align="center" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">-ह (फ, थ, ठ, छ, भ, <br /> ध, झ, घ बनाने के लिये)</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">indicates that the preceding consonant is
<p>aspirated (p, t, ch, k) or murmured (b, d, j, g).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ی</span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''choṭī ye''</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">छोटी ये</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">य, ई, ए, ऐ</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[j, i, e, ɛ]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ے</span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''baṛī ye''</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">बड़ी ये</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span class="IPA"><font face="Arial">ऐ</font></span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[eː]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span xml:lang="ur" lang="ur">ء</span></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">''hamzā''</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC">हम्ज़ा</td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><font face="Arial">'अ, -</font></td>
<td bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA">[ʔ]</span> or silent</td>
</tr>
</table>
'''*''' ''भारतीय मूल के शब्दों में प्रयुक्त''
== उर्दू-देवनागरी लिप्यन्तरण ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-family:Arial;"
!उर्दू!!देवनागरी!!उर्दू!!देवनागरी
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ا}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|अ
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|آ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|आ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ب}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ब
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|بھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|भ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|پ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|प
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|پھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|फ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ت}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|त
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|تھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|थ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ٹ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ट
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ٹھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ठ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ث}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|स
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ج}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ज
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|جھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|झ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|چ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|च
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|چھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|छ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ح}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ह
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|خ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ख़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|د}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|द
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|دھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ध
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ڈ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ड
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ڈھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ढ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ذ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ज़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ر}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|र
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ڑ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ड़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ز}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ज़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ژ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|श्ज़/झ़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|س}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|स
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ش}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|श
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ص}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|स
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ض}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ज़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ط}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|त
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ظ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ज़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ع}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|غ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ग़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ف}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|फ़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ق}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|क़
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ک}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|क
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|کھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ख
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|گ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ग
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|گھ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|घ
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ل}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ल
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|م}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|म
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ں}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ँ
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ن}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|न
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|و}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|व/ऊ
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ھ ہ}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ह
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ی}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|य/ई
|
|
|-
|style="line-height:150%;font-size:150%;"|{{Nastaliq|ur|ے}}
|style="font-size:150%;"|ए
|
|
|}
<gallery>
Line 42 ⟶ 494:
Persian prince tomb taj mahal.jpg
</gallery>
== बाहरी कड़ियाँ ==
* [http://kaulonline.com/chittha/2007/07/urdu-devanagari-comparison/ '''उर्दू देवनागरी लिपियाँ - एक तुलनात्मक अध्ययन'''] - रमण कौल द्वारा हिन्दी चिट्ठे '''इधर-उधर की''' पर जुलाई 31, 2007 को प्रकाशित
|