The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian and Finnish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. See Finnish phonology and Estonian language for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
|---|
| Consonants
|
|---|
| d
|
Finnish ladot
|
ladder
| | h
|
hevonen
|
horse
| | j
|
joulu
|
yoyo
| | k
|
kala
|
scold
| | l
|
laulu
|
lack
| | lʲ[1] |
Estonian only
|
leep
| | m
|
metsä
|
mocha
| | n
|
nenä
|
nanny
| | nʲ[1] |
Estonian only
|
new
| | p
|
puu
|
spill
| | r
|
rauta
|
rolled r
| | s
|
sinä
|
sole
| | sʲ[1] |
Estonian only
|
super (some dialects)
| | t
|
tina
|
stand
| | tʲ[1] |
Estonian only
|
tune
| | ʋ
|
viha
|
Between v and w
| | Stress
|
|---|
| ˈ
|
hevonen
|
(placed on the first syllable)
|
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English approximation
|
|---|
| Vowels
|
|---|
| ɑ
|
pouta
|
Same as but shorter than a in father
| | ɑː
|
poutaa
|
father
| | æ
|
pöytä
|
cat
| | æː
|
päivää
|
mad
| | e[2] |
tere
|
let
| | eː[2] |
eesti
|
émigré
| | i
|
klid
|
kid
| | iː
|
siika
|
see
| | o[2] |
oksa
|
chore
| | oː[2] |
koostaa
|
No English equivalent, similar to French bureau
| | ø[2] |
pöytä
|
Similar to RP word or bird,
Swedish öl,
| | øː[2] |
säröön
|
Similar to RP bird,
German schön
| | ɤ
|
Estonian only: õlu
|
Similar to (oʊ) in Estonia, code, boat, goal, bone, go
| | ɤː
|
Estonian only: õõnsus
|
Same as above but longer
| | u
|
surma
|
wood
| | uː
|
suu
|
coop
| | y
|
Finnish kesy
Estonian küla
|
No English equivalent; similar to French tu, German füllen
| | yː
|
Finnish ryyppy
Estonian rüüpa
|
No English equivalent; similar to French Lune, German führen
|
|
|
ai, au, äi, äy, ei, eu, oi, ou, öi, öy, ui, yi, iu, ie, uo, yö
ae, ai, ao, au, äe, äi, äo, äu, ea, ei, eo, iu, oa, oe, oi, ou, õa, õe, õi, õo, õu, öa, öe, öi, ui, üi.
- ↑ अ आ इ ई In Estonian, the palatalized consonants, /tʲ nʲ sʲ lʲ/ are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but with constriction of the tongue towards the hard palate, as if pronouncing a simultaneous /j/.
- ↑ अ आ इ ई उ ऊ The open-mid vowels [ɛ œ ɔ] may also be seen for /e ø o/.
