व्यंजन
|
---|
आईपीए |
हिन्दी |
हिन्दी उदाहरण |
उर्दु |
अंगेजी समकक्ष
|
---|
b
|
ब |
बल |
ب |
abash
| bʱ
|
भ |
भक्त |
بھ |
abhor
| d̪ [1] |
द |
दम |
د |
ado (closer to French d)
| d̪ʱ [1] |
ध |
धनुष |
دھ |
adhere
| ɖ [1] |
ड |
डमरू |
ڈ |
guard
| ɖʱ [1] |
ढ |
ढक्कन |
ڈھ |
guardhouse
| dʒ
|
ज |
जल |
ج |
hedge
| dʒʱ
|
झ |
झरना |
جھ |
hedgehog
| f
|
फ़ |
|
ف |
food
| ɡ
|
ग |
गमला |
گ |
agate
| ɡʱ
|
घ |
घर |
گھ |
pigheaded
| h
|
ः |
|
ح |
head (final only)
| ɦ
|
ह |
हल |
ahead
| j
|
य |
यम |
ي |
yak
| k
|
क |
कल |
ک |
scan
| kʰ
|
ख |
खग |
کھ |
can
| l
|
ल |
लट |
ل |
leaf
| m
|
म |
मन |
م |
much
| n
|
न |
नल |
ن |
not
| ɳ
|
ण |
चरण |
ڻ |
burner (Sanskrit; often [n])
| ŋ
|
ं |
अंगूर |
- |
bank
| p
|
प |
पल |
پ |
span
| pʰ
|
फ |
फल |
پھ |
pan (often allophonic with [f] in Hindi)
| q
|
क़ |
|
ق |
a k in the throat (Urdu; often [k] in Hindi)
| r
|
र |
रज |
ر |
trilled r
| ɽ
|
ड़ |
रबड़ |
ڑ |
US: larder
| ɽʱ
|
ढ़ |
पढ़ |
ڑھ |
as [ɽ] plus h
| s
|
स |
सम |
س |
sue
| ʂ
|
ष |
षट |
– |
worship (Sanskrit; often [ʃ])
| ʃ
|
श |
शक |
ش |
shoe
| t̪ [1] |
त |
तल |
ت |
stable (closer to French t)
| t̪ʰ [1] |
थ |
थल |
تھ |
table
| ʈ [1] |
ट |
टखना |
ٹ |
art
| ʈʰ [1] |
ठ |
ठसाठस |
ٹھ |
art-historian
| tʃ
|
च |
ल |
چ |
catch
| tʃʰ
|
छ |
छल |
چھ |
choose
| ʋ[2] |
व |
व'क |
و |
varies between w and v
| x
|
ख़ |
|
خ |
Bach (Urdu; often [kʰ] in Hindi)
| ɣ
|
ग़ |
|
غ |
like a French r (Urdu; often [ɡ] in Hindi)
| z
|
ज़ |
ज़मीन |
ز |
zen
| ʒ
|
श़/झ़ |
|
ژ |
pleasure
|
|
स्वर
|
---|
आईपीए |
हिन्दी |
उर्दु |
अंगेजी समकक्ष
|
---|
aː
|
आ, पा |
آ, ـا |
Spanish or French a to English bra
| eː
|
ए, पे |
ے |
between yell and Yale
| ɛː
|
ऐ, पै |
yell
| ə
|
अ, प |
ـَ |
nut
| iː [3] |
ई, पी |
ی |
feet
| ɪ [3] |
इ, पि |
ـِ |
dill
| oː
|
ओ, पो |
و |
old
| ɔː
|
औ, पौ |
law
| uː [3] |
ऊ, पू |
loot
| ʊ [3] |
उ, पु |
ـُ |
look
| ̃
|
ँ |
ں |
nasal vowel ([ãː], [õː], etc.)
|
Suprasegmentals
|
---|
IPA |
|
---|
ˈ
|
stress (placed before stressed syllable)
| ː
|
doubled consonant
|
|