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IPA
|
Hangul
|
RR trans.
|
English equivalent
|
Notes
|
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b |
ㅂ[1] |
b |
ball |
between voiced sounds
| ɕ |
ㅅ |
s |
she |
before [i] or [j]
| ɕ͈ |
ㅆ |
ss |
— |
before [i] or [j]
| d |
ㄷ[2] |
d |
doll |
between voiced sounds
| dʑ |
ㅈ |
j |
gee |
between voiced sounds
| ɡ |
ㄱ |
g |
gall |
between voiced sounds
| h |
ㅎ |
h |
hall |
| j |
ㅖ, ㅒ, ㅑ, ㅛ, ㅠ, ㅕ[3] |
y |
y’all |
Spelled by doubling the short line on the vowel.
| k |
ㄱ, ㅋ |
g, k |
skin |
ㅋ is [k] at the end of a syllable.
| k͈ |
ㄲ |
kk |
— |
tense [k]
| kʰ |
ㅋ, ㅎㄱ |
k |
call |
| l |
ㄹ, ㄴ |
l |
lip |
ㄹ is [l] at the end of a syllable. ㄹㄴ and ㄴㄹ may be [ll].
| m |
ㅁ, ㅂ |
m |
mall |
ㅂ is [m] before [n] or [m].
| n |
ㄴ, ㄹ, ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ |
n |
not |
ㄹ may be [n] at the start of a word. ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ are [n] before [n] or [m].
| ŋ |
ㅇ, ㄱ |
ng |
king |
ㅇ is only [ŋ] at the end of a syllable. ㄱ is [ŋ] before [n], [m] or [ɾ]
| p |
ㅂ[1], ㅍ |
b, p |
span |
ㅍ is [p] at the end of a syllable.
| p͈ |
ㅃ[1] |
pp |
— |
tense [p]
| pʰ |
ㅍ[1], ㅎㅂ |
p |
pall |
| ɾ |
ㄹ |
r |
— |
A flap, like Scots r or American ladder, between vowels
| s |
ㅅ[2] |
s |
Saul |
[s] with almost no sibilance
| s͈ |
ㅆ |
ss |
— |
tense [s]
| t |
ㄷ[2] ㄷ, ㅌ[2], ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ |
d t |
stall |
All are [t] and RR t at the end of a syllable.
| t͈ |
ㄸ |
tt |
— |
tense [t]
| tʰ |
ㅌ[2], ㅎㄷ |
t |
tall |
| tɕ |
ㅈ |
j |
itchy |
| tɕ͈ |
ㅉ |
jj |
— |
tense [tɕ]
| tɕʰ |
ㅊ, ㅎㅈ |
ch |
cheek |
| w |
ㅜ, ㅗ |
w |
wall |
spelled ㅜ before [ʌ], [e], [i]; ㅗ before [ɛ], [e],* [a]
| |
*ㅚ is pronounced [we] by most, but as the rounded ö vowel [ø] by some older speakers.
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IPA
|
Hangul
|
RR trans.
|
Notes
|
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a |
ㅏ |
a |
spa
| aː
| e |
ㅔ |
e |
Similar to the beginning of the diphthong in main
| eː
| ɛ |
ㅐ |
ae |
met; similar to e for young speakers.
| ɛː
| i |
ㅣ |
i |
mean
| iː
| o |
ㅗ |
o |
Spanish o or French eau
| oː
| u |
ㅜ |
u |
moon
| uː
| ʌ |
ㅓ |
eo |
young (these are pronounced [ɔ], as in more, in North Korea)
| əː
| ɯ |
ㅡ |
eu |
Separate sound in Standard Korean; similar to eo for many dialects.
| ɯː
|
|
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IPA
|
Hangul
|
RR trans.
|
Notes
|
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ɰi |
ㅢ |
ui |
Only occurs in the first syllable of a word.
|
Sounds not written in hangul
संपादित करें
|
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IPA |
Explanation
|
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ː |
Long vowel. Long [ʌ] is əː. Young speakers in Seoul do not use length consistently, if at all.
| ́ |
High tone, on any one syllable or the first two; used outside Seoul.
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