Consonants
|
---|
IPA |
Examples |
English equivalents
|
---|
b
|
б
|
boot; beautiful
| d
|
д
|
do
| dʲ
|
д
|
dew
| dz
|
дз
|
pads
| dzʲ
|
дз
| dʒ
|
дж
|
jump; ridge
| f
|
ф
|
fool; few
| ɡ
|
ґ
|
goo; ague
| ɦ
|
г
|
| k
|
к
|
cooper; cute
| l
|
л
|
pill
| lʲ
|
л
|
least
| m
|
м
|
moot; mute
| n
|
н
|
noon
| nʲ
|
н
|
new
| p
|
п
|
poo; pew
| r
|
р
|
trilled r, like in Spanish
| rʲ
|
р
| s
|
с
|
soup
| sʲ
|
с
|
super
| ʃ
|
ш
|
shop
| t
|
т
|
tool
| tʲ
|
т
|
tune
| ts
|
ц
|
cats
| tsʲ
|
ц
| tʃ
|
ч
|
choose
| x
|
х
|
bach; huge
| z
|
з
|
zoo
| zʲ
|
з
|
azure
| ʒ
|
ж
|
measure; garage
|
|
Vowels
|
---|
IPA
|
Examples
|
English equivalent
|
---|
Stressed
|
---|
ɑ
|
а, я
|
palm
| ɛ
|
е, є
|
met
| i
|
і, ї
|
meat
| ɪ
|
и, ї
|
bit
| ɔ
|
о
|
born
| u
|
у, ю
|
choose
| Unstressed
|
---|
o
|
о
|
|
Other symbols
|
---|
IPA |
Explanation
|
---|
ˈ
|
Stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
| ː
|
Gemination[2] (doubled consonant)
|
|